Influence of Visual Media Paper

?The Various forms of visual entertainment media shape American culture and its values is by Visual entertainment media has shaped American culture and values in many ways. There are so many forms of entertainment nowadays that it has cause many of us including our children to forget what is more important. For example we now use the Internet to rely on so many things, like information. When at one point in time we would use books or newspapers. Video games, Internet, cell phones and things like this have taken away from our values of taking time out to enjoy a book.The children of today won’t even take time out to play outside they are more concerned with playing their video games. There was a time where children played outside every day and that was a form of exercise but now all they want to do is watch television, play games and be on the Internet and their cell phones. Visual media influences the diffusion or spread of various cultural traits, including food habits, dress ing, and entertainment. Different forms of visual media, such as television and films, provide materials from which we establish a sense of selfhood, sexuality, class, and even race.Further to this, visual media shapes the way we view the world by influencing what we consider to be right or wrong, positive or negative, and moral or immoral. The social influences of the visual entertainment media have been more negative than positive. For example YouTube has millions of video up where most of them depict something of negativity or something of no substance. There are so many videos of people fighting than there are of someone speaking out to promote non-violence. There are also sexually explicit videos where you see a person has millions of hits.Also movies have become so much more violent these days that young people are easily influenced by them, kids look up to famous actors/actresses. I think it is up to us as parents to make sure we monitor what our children do. Over the years, various forms of visual entertainment media have had some influence on the American culture. Visual entertainment media, for instance, exposes us to different kinds of music and dancing styles. When we are repeatedly exposed to these forms of entertainment, we gradually accept it as a way of life and eventually start practicing the same.Celebrity figures in visual entertainment media also influences our lifestyles. Visual media describes such persons as exceptionally talented and successful in various ways. As a result, we tend to view them as perfect role models and strive to adopt their lifestyles. For instance, the increased use of aerated drinks among Americans can be attributed to the commercial ads aired on TV with popular celebrities as the subject. As well, the rapid spread of various types of youth subculture, such as Goth subculture, can be attributed to visual media.Visual media also exposes us to nudism, cruelty, criminality, violence, unfairness, and other antisocial el ements. These elements of visual media entertainment constantly have shaped various aspects of the American culture. The influence of visual media in today's world has shaped American culture in many ways. People can be influenced with visual media because they can find it relatable. They relate to the person on a television show going through a rough time or a good time in their lives.People influenced by people on television that they look up to. For example if you are watching basketball and you see Michal Jordan wearing the newest shoes that have come out that will make you want to wear them thinking you can be like him. While with television shows, you may not look up to or influenced by the actor you are influenced by the character he plays on television. The way America visual media has shaped is because it is relatable and we are influenced by what we see. This may also change the way we think about cretin things.Such as if you decide that your son or daughter will not date until they are 18 but, you then see on television a 15 year old going on a date you then may change your mind about your son or daughter going on a date. If you hear swear words on television, you may find them inappropriate at first but you then start to use them yourself. It is as if people have grown numb to them existing. However there are good things about visual media other than changing your mind about things. It could inspire to be a better person or get a better job.This may push you harder to reach your goals that you have set for yourself. Some say that watching television is a way to learn. For example show like Dora the Explorer, Blue's Clues, and Bill Nye the Science Guy are said to teach you new things. In conclusion visual media influence social behavior and attitudes when we began to do what we see online, television, or movies. We have to get back to the basics like reading more books, watching the news, and not focus so much on the Internet, video games, movies, a nd cell phones.

Creative writing: Mines

It had been war but on Saturday morning the war had stopped and the beach down the road stretched enticingly in a gleam and glister of sand and gleaming sea. Deep holes in which the men and women of war had hid in for protection from gunfire and dropping bombs. It now laid silent sound of waves lapping the shore. I was eleven and old enough to be aloud out where ever I wanted to go with my friends. Sean, Nick and I stood in our sandals with our eyes gazing at this watery paradise when to my fury I realized that my eight year old sister Sam had tagged along â€Å"Go away† I shouted † You are not old enough to go out with me† She looked smug â€Å"Dad's gone into town and mum has left us so you have to look after me remember!† I glared at her and pulled a face of pure sisterly hatred but Sean shrugged and said, â€Å"Are we going to the beach or what?† To tell the truth in the first place we were scared to go on the beach even before Sam had showed up in all of her curvaceous glory. It wasn't the fact that the whole beach had signs around it saying, â€Å"beware of mines keep out!† But no one had exactly told us we weren't aloud to go for a swim. In one way or another we did not want our parents to no that we had gone down to the beach for a swim but it was the fact that there was no fence there to keep us out from the gorges archers of sand and miles of sea. I glanced at Sam again â€Å"Go away† I shouted â€Å"Never† â€Å"Well don't blame me if you get hurt!† After that we all ran throw off our sandals and jumped into the cool refreshing sea. We surfed the giant crashing waves out to sea leaving Sam sitting alone on the beach. We wondered around the rocky floor of the cliffs and rock pools. We climbed up the cliffs, leaving a trail of falling rocks and mud we dumped off of the cliffs in to the sea and through stones at pesky Seagulls, We sat in rock pools and ate stale bread and drank bad water left over from the war. Sam's upset little face made us all feel a little bad inside. We dared each other to climb over the most dangerous rocks and into some of biggest rock pools that you could have ever seen. We also dared each other to look inside the pockets of the dead soldiers that lay scattered and dead all over the rocks from men desperately trying to climb the giant cliffs to safety. Soaked and covered with sand we began to head towards home. I than heard something that I will remember for the rest of my life I heard a giant explosion and me and my friends were knocked clean of are feet as we got up I felt a lot of pain I had bits of shrapnel shot into my legs and arms and stomach. Than Sean shouted â€Å"where's Sam† â€Å"I don't know† I replied â€Å"She's your sister go and find her† Than I heard her screaming for help. I was terrified I could not see anything there was too much smoke and dust from the explosion. Than I saw it a trail of blood in the sand and only half my sister Sam, laying there she had lost half of 1 leg and the whole of the other leg. She was screaming to me â€Å"help help oh please help† I shouted for help and only Sean had come because Nick had ran home in pain from the bomb. When Sean came we both had to pick her up Sean was also in a lot of pain from the mine Because he had broken his hand on the way down to the from the explosion we both pulled her up and carried her all the way home struggling trying to keep the blood from gushing from her legs. By this time she had fallen unconscious we didn't know if she was dead or not all that mattered to me was getting her to the hospital that had been set up during the war for injured soldiers. We finally got her there and there and the took her inside right away into another room we tried to follow but we were stopped and taken into an office to be treated ourselves. Than two hours later my dad showed up he was pale and looked sick. He saw me and sat down and started to talk to me † Your sister was very badly injured in the explosion† he said quietly † I know,† I said â€Å"Well she didn't make it she bleed to death in surgery† He said very sadly â€Å"I want you to show me were it happened and tell me everything† he said very sternly My mouth was dry I couldn't say a word I was to upset about the loss of my sister I just said very gently â€Å"ok† I took him down to the beach and showed him were it had happened and told him everything that we did that day leaving out some of the stuff that he would have told me off about like playing with the left over guns. He saw the blood and one of her legs with half of the mine wedged into it. His face turned wight and turned away from it and started to walk home.

Nonverbal Impression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nonverbal Impression - Essay Example Depicting a positive face would include a respectful talk to my fellow colleagues and bosses including giving everyone complete attention in case they address issues I’m concerned with or tasks I should undertake. I would as well deploy nodding of the head to affirm that I’m not only listening but also concurring with what is being addressed. I would as well wear a smiling face to show enthusiasm, optimism and warmth cooperation. In this context, I would avoid a negative awful face since this would negatively paint me as a low self-esteemed employee. I would also avoid rude and disrespectful conversational phrases and high pitched speaking tones which would portray an authoritative, disrespectful and rude individual. I would also evade ignoring peoples’ comments and paying attention to distractions which can be evidenced by staring away from the speaker or receiving calls on mobile when a colleague is addressing an issue (DeVito, 2005). Second, in a scenario where I’m addressing an audience, and I would like the personal experiences that I’m addressing to be believed, I would deploy a consistency impression. For instance, to be believed by the audience, both the theme of the speech, actions and words of the speaker must not only portray credibility strategies such as charisma, competence, and impressive character but also a touch of modesty and honesty.

The Ed Sullivan Show Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

The Ed Sullivan Show - Assignment Example : Skim – After you have previewed a text to get a general idea of the subject, it is a good idea to read through the text quickly to get a general idea of what it is about and how it is organized. This article is organized into six sections, and all but the first have titles that give you some idea of their content. Step 3: Read! – To read critically and really understand a text, you will need to read it more than one time. The first time through, you should underline or highlight anything that seems important or stands out. It is also helpful to annotate (write notes in the margin). The second time you read, focus on one section at a time. At the end of each section, think about what you have read and write down the main ideas. Summarizing can help you understand the content and organization of the text. Evaluation - Although what is considered good writing varies, there are some qualities that most well written texts share. Rate Inglis’s article on each of the following, using a scale of one to five (five being the highest, one being the lowest). Please note that you do not need to answer the questions – just place a number from one to five after each quality. Using the Text - When you evaluate a text, one thing to keep in mind is what you can take from it to support your own argument. Find one quotation from this article that could be easily incorporated into the paper you will write about censorship. Write it below (include the page number). â€Å"Although (stereo) typically associated with the actions of the state— prior restraint by the government—it is important to recognize that censorship takes many forms and springs from many sources.† Page

Risks and Rewards of Internationalization Essay

Risks and Rewards of Internationalization - Essay Example They have to compete with local as well as foreign firms. Many firms are founding new investment opportunities and new avenues of profit by going international. Internationalization also brings along with it its fair share of challenges. Firms have to adapt quickly in order to survive in the new world order. Internationalization has now become an important part of a firm’s strategy. It has become important to realize which strategies can be transferred abroad and what strategies are to be imported .Different markets pose different challenges, some of them may be solved by using global means whereas others need to be tackled through local strategies. In view of this; glocalisation is the new term which has been developed by researchers. Ohame (1994) has claimed that glocalisation means thinking global and acting local. (Hagiu, 2009) Although Internationalization has presented firms with numerous growth opportunities it also has presented various challenges such as an uncertain cultural, political and legal climate. The emerging markets such as India and China have unstable political and legal frameworks. It is difficult for firms to adjust to them and May sometime lead to collapse of the internal organization. Consequently firms have to find the best possible alternative when going for internationalization. They have to decide whether they want to go alone or venture into a partnership. This paper will analyse all such issues and the possible risks and rewards associated with internationalization. Internationalization: Definition Internationalization in simple terms can be defined as the process through which firms identify the international markets which are lucrative for them and try to enter it. Internationalization as a strategy can be adopted by firms by either acting alone or by acting in collaboration with other firms. (Cavusgil, 2009) Firms which act alone usually set up subsidiaries in the market which they want to enter or they may even buy up f irms which are already present in that market. An example of this technique can be seen when Vodafone entered the Indian market it bought a majority stake in the company Hutch which already had a presence in the Indian market. Most firms are wary to go alone in a new market and that too market of an emerging economy. So they prefer to partner with other firms and make a strategic alliance with one or more than one partners. These partners may be local business firms or multinational corporations who have been present in that market for a long time. E.g. – Honda ventured in the Indian market by tying up with Hero – the local Indian partner. (Ferná, et al., 2005) Ways to Penetrate New Markets Different methods can be used by firms looking for internationalization of their business. Some of them will be discussed here - Export Method This is the simplest method of entering an international market. This was the method utilized by firms in the times before globalization . Export method is also very relevant today if the international market is not promising enough and the sales number do not explain setting up shop in the country. The advantage of this method is that the firm does not have to build up infrastructure nor does it have to partner with clients. (Jones, 2009)The firm simple pays the custom duty and its products enter the market. However if the firm is looking to capture the market of the country; export method is not a viable option unless you have an advantage which cannot be removed. Cases in point here

How to Make Almost Anything Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How to Make Almost Anything - Essay Example ‘Digital fabrication will allow individuals to design and produce tangible objects on demand, wherever and whenever they need them.’ (Gershenfeld, 2012) In the past manufacturing and construction were run on manually procedures, which were then substituted with machines and other tool. However, when these machines were replaced by the digital technology the numerically controlled tools transformed the way of doing business. The additive manufacturing is another enhancement of the digital fabrication that turns data into things and things into data. It has made it possible to make two elements e.g. bearing and axle at the same time that was not possible through the traditional manufacturing processes and tools. The 3D printer is one of the examples of this technique used by many companies to create complex products and designs. The digital fabrication came in stages with the first generation being made available to the researchers with reasonable pricing. The second and more advanced generation of digital fabrication products are now in the market that are more expensive with freely shared plans and modifications. In order to demonstrate the usability of the digital fabrication products ‘fab labs (fabrication labs or fabulous lab)’ were created with different digital fabrication tools at a net worth of $50,000. These tools included the 3-D printers, computer-controlled lasers, milling components, components of moulding and casting arts etc. These labs showcased the usability of digital fabrication to the world. Also these fab labs provided to be parts of the continuing revolution for e.g. the fabrication lab in Manchester is taking an active part in the new industrial revolution. Digital fabrication is all about having the computer-controlled tools to custom design your product in a faster and more efficient manner. The article gives many examples that show that digital fabrication is a

Weight management -Health Assessment Project Essay

Weight management -Health Assessment Project - Essay Example This report, therefore, facilitates a very clear understanding of the above concept and the relevance it has in health education and practice. The concept of self-efficacy is examined with its relationship with maintaining health status and practice. The review focusses mainly on weight control and exercise behaviours. The maintenance progress is highlighted for the given period through self-efficacy and experimental manipulations. Various methods are required to modify the health practices diverging from all sources (Hsu &Blandford, 2014). Too much consumption of high calories food contents and without regular checkups results into conditions like obesity. This is because these foods for instance, junky foods may have more fat contents and, as a consequence, many fats get deposited in the adipose layers of the body and results in weight increase. Genetically modified foods have been proven to contain many chemicals and therefore are harmful to the health of a person. As a result of it, apart from resulting in obesity, diseases like cancer come in (Zunker et al., 2011). The prevalence of this condition spreads from any person regardless of age, sex or even occupation. When nutritional balance is not observed and maintained in the body, adverse effects like obesity comes on board. Energy balance should be retained at all times as this maintains proper basal metabolic rate which checks up the energy balance of a person (Lytle et al., 2014). The benefits of managing weight include good health free of non-communicable diseases. Good practices like regular exercises are vital to maintaining this management and, as a result, the body is well maintained through consistent burning of extra calories. Moreover, when a person maintains good lifestyle through eating what is required then lifespan is increased. More chemicals are in foods that are genetically modified and therefore knowing what is to be eaten should be

Government's role in Marketing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Government's role in Marketing - Research Paper Example The two most important economic factors that affect international marketing are: 1. The industrial structure of a country 2. The income distribution of a country. The product and service needs of a country are shaped by the country’s industrial structure. There are 4 main types of industrial structures. They are as follows: 1. Subsistence economies: People consume what they grow and such an economy offers very few market opportunities. 2. Raw material exporting economies: Economies wealthy in one or more than one natural resources but poor otherwise. Such countries are excellent markets for large equipment etc and for luxury goods if a wealthy upper class is present. 3. Industrializing economies: Manufacturing accounts for 10-20% of the country’s economy. These countries are a good market for raw textile materials, heavy machinery, steel etc. A new affluent class and a small middle class are usually created by the on going industrialization, both of which require new types of imported foreign goods. 4. Industrial economies: Services and manufactured goods are the chief exports of industrial economies.. A large middle class usually exists making industrial economies an ideal market for all sorts of goods.... Low, medium and high income households may exist in industrialized economies whereas a subsistence economy may exist of mostly very low income households. However, developing or even poor economies may be attractive markets for all kinds of goods. The best example in this case is China. Even though China has only 0.2 millionaires per 1000 residents it trails only the US, Germany and the UK in the total number of millionaires because of its large population. (Kotler, 2008) The cultural elements that affect international marketing include: The different ways in which potential customers in different countries use and think about certain goods e.g. an average Frenchman uses twice as many grooming aids and cosmetics as his wife (Kotler, 2008). Cultural norms and regulations of each country e.g. Nike inadvertently offended Arabs and Muslims when it released shoes with a stylized â€Å"Air† logo which resembled Allah in Arabic script (National Geographic, 1999). Business norms and b ehaviors also play a very important role in international trade. Question 3: The political risks in international marketing involve: 1. Negative attitude of host government towards foreign firms. For e.g. Currency restrictions, import quotas etc might be imposed on the foreign to make life difficult for them. 2. Monetary regulations. Buyer’s government might impose restrictions on removal of a currency from the country leaving the seller no option but to receive payment in the blocked currency and getting their profits stuck. 3. Political instability is another risk associated with international trade. A major example of this phenomenon is the Dell Brazil case. Dell chose the Brazilian state of Rio Grande Do Sul as the site for its

The first day at a new school or college Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The first day at a new school or college - Essay Example Looking back at my life, from since I was a child, I always thought of myself as an easy-to-approach and friendly person. This made me confident about being in new environments, as I imagined people could easily befriend me. Even when I watched movies that showed how people are bullied when they join a new school, I was sure it would never happen to me. In my view, I am easy-going, cool and fun to be around, as evidenced by the fact that I have many friends with whom I play football with over the weekend or after school, if time allows. However, this all changed when my father informed my siblings and I that we would be moving to a different town since he had been offered a better job there. This meant changing schools and worse, leaving the friends that I had grown close to and shared memorable things with. My siblings- two younger sisters- were excited and sad about leaving their friends too, they were scared about joining a new school too, as they felt it would be hard to find peo ple that they could get along with easily. On the other hand, I felt that this would not be a challenge and that I would keep in touch with my old friends via phone and facebook. The fateful day of our moving came and goodbyes were said. Being on a Saturday, I made sure that I had bid farewell to my friends from school the day before and exchanged contacts, including postal address, to ensure we remain in touch. I was particularly keen on keeping in touch with my swimming instructor; he had been such an inspiration and a mentor as I hone and perfect my swimming skills. I discovered my passion for the sport through him and found someone to guide me through my studies, so he was a person I was sure I would miss. Getting to the new town and settling into a new neighborhood worked out fine; this was a larger town, much nearer to the city. I found it exciting and eagerly awaited that day which I would start at the new school and make friends. Sunday was dedicated to unpacking and being a cquainted with the new environs. I realized that there were no kids of my age but consoled myself that I would make some at school the following day and we would visit each other. My sisters were lucky enough to find their age mates in the neighborhood. I was further consoled by the fact that there was a youth hostel nearby, thus I could comfortably continue swimming. I mapped out my route to school and prepared my bag and clothes in anticipation of the first day. I had no problem getting up, as I was energized and slightly nervous; hurriedly, I showered, had my breakfast and left for the new school which was a ten-minute walk. I got to school early enough and checked in at the admissions office to get a copy of the timetable, combination for my locker and a brief orientation. Walking into my first class marked the end of all my hopes of making friends easily and simply fitting into the new environment. The class teacher felt the need to make me stand up at the front and talk a litt le about myself. As I did this, I heard other students giggle and some sneered; it was generally an uncomfortable and disheartening moment. Being an optimist, I told myself this would pass before lunchtime; however, this was not to be, as I painfully discovered through the rest of the day. My next class was Chemistry and everyone had a lab partner except for me. The teacher then paired me up with a student that seemed ‘out casted’ by the rest for some reason. I joined her and quickly introduced myself only to get a cold shoulder from her. Through the class, I realized that she was much smarter than everyone else and this made her arrogant, thus no one liked her. I suffered through trying to keep up and challenged myself to make her a friendly person. My day got worse at lunch time when I walked into the cafeteria and realized that everyone sat in a group which each had certain tables ‘reserved’ for them. I got my food and mustered the courage to sit at a ta ble that had two occupants

Mong Schoolchildrn Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mong Schoolchildrn - Essay Example This book hÐ µlps to gÐ °in Ð °n insight on whÐ °t mÐ °kÐ µs Ð ° good tÐ µÃ °chÐ µr, Ð °nd Ð °n Ð µxÐ µmplifiÐ µd rolÐ µ of thÐ µ tÐ µÃ °chÐ µr Ð °nd Ð °bility to improvÐ µ Ð ° child’s lifÐ µ without Ð µvÐ µn rÐ µÃ °lizing it. This book rÐ µvÐ µÃ °ls thÐ µ story of Ð ° young tÐ µÃ °chÐ µrs lifÐ µ Ð °nd work in thÐ µ KÐ µlly School, Ð ° pÐ °rt of thÐ µ HolyokÐ µ, MÐ °ssÐ °chustÐ µÃ µs school systÐ µm. ThÐ µ book providÐ µs insight into whÐ °t it is likÐ µ tÐ µÃ °ching in Ð ° multiculturÐ °l clÐ °ssroom Ð µnvironmÐ µnt Ð °nd how importÐ °nt it is to bÐ µ Ð °blÐ µ to monitor Ð °nd Ð °djust to troublÐ µd studÐ µnts, how vitÐ °l it is to chÐ °ngÐ µ your mÐ µthods of working, whÐ µrÐ µ tÐ µÃ °ching Ð ° 24/7 profÐ µssion, not Ð ° 8:00-5:00 job. During thÐ µ wholÐ µ yÐ µÃ °r Chris tÐ °cklÐ µs not only issuÐ µs of difficult studÐ µnts but pÐ µrsonÐ °l issuÐ µs Ð °s wÐ µll. This book providÐ µ s futurÐ µ tÐ µÃ °chÐ µrs with Ð ° much rÐ µquirÐ µd glÐ °ncÐ µ Ð °t thÐ µ rÐ µÃ °litiÐ µs of tÐ µÃ °ching whÐ µrÐ µ strÐ µss of bÐ µing Ð ° tÐ µÃ °chÐ µr is Ð µvidÐ µnt. From SÐ µptÐ µmbÐ µr to JunÐ µ, Chris ZÐ °jÐ °c, Ð ° compÐ °ssionÐ °tÐ µ, dÐ µvotÐ µd tÐ µÃ °chÐ µr strugglÐ µs with thÐ µ nÐ µÃ °rly supÐ µrhumÐ °n tÐ °sk of tÐ µÃ °ching innÐ µr-city childrÐ µn, mÐ °ny from impovÐ µrishÐ µd Ð °nd brokÐ µn homÐ µs. .It fÐ µÃ µls likÐ µ you Ð °rÐ µ in thÐ µ clÐ °ssroom with Mrs. ZÐ °jÐ °c. TrÐ °cy KiddÐ µr dÐ µscribÐ µs Ð ° rÐ µÃ °l tÐ µÃ °chÐ µr Ð °nd hÐ µr studÐ µnts Ð °nd tÐ °kÐ µs thÐ µ rÐ µÃ °dÐ µr with thÐ µm through thÐ µ school yÐ µÃ °r. ZÐ °jÐ °c mÐ °nÐ °gÐ µd to rÐ µlÐ °tÐ µ thÐ µ problÐ µms Ð °s wÐ µll Ð °s thÐ µ succÐ µssÐ µs in thÐ µ clÐ °ssroom.

Autobiographical Film vs Autobiographical Prose Essay Example for Free

Autobiographical Film vs Autobiographical Prose Essay Autobiographical film, like prose, is filled with the memories of the major events in ones life. In prose, authors give detailed descriptions of their past, while in film directors are able to employ visuals and the use of song and voice-over to illustrate someone elses life or his or her own. Autobiographies are supposed to portray ones life truthfully and accurately; however, most contain stretched truths and over-dramatized events or emotions. In the film medium there is more opportunity for fiction than in prose. Jonathan Caouettes Tarnation and Agnes Vardas The Beaches of Agnes are two differing documentaries that explore this idea. Throughout these two documentaries the directors make use of visuals and sound effects to elicit an emotional reaction from the viewers. The use of these effects allows the audience to better understand how the director remembers a certain event and how it affects them. One of the frequently used elements in documentaries is re-enactment. While this can be helpful in portraying an event, if you dont have real footage it allows for over dramatization and interpretation from the actor playing the role. The actor can listen to how the director wants it to be however they could never fully portray the event truthfully because they were not present for the actual event. This allows for major discrepancies in the retelling of ones past. In a review of Tarnation Michael Bronski discusses how the extent of horrific psychic and medical destruction here is overwhelming (if not based on fact, Tarnation would play like a second rate John Waters film). The reality of the film reminds audiences of the fragility of life and how quickly things can change. Bronski goes on to discuss how the facts of Tarnation really give the film power, emphasizing the idea that truth can evoke just as powerful a reaction as a manipulated re-enactment. Using re-enactments in autobiographical film can force the audience to wonder about the level of truth in a scene. Has the scene been manipulated because it was more entertaining than the actual event or did the actor allow his or her own interpretation of the event to seep through and create an entirely new scene? Caouette filmed the majority of his life; therefore, the use of re-enactment was unnecessary. This almost constant day to day filming really helped to capture the essence of Jonathans life and how he viewed everything that was happening. Though Caouette filmed almost every day, the film wasnt presented in raw form. Tarnation was edited down and pieced together. Throughout the film there were moments where editing was more obvious than others. Specifically the scene where Jonathan is on the phone with someone from the hospital. He is checking on his mothers condition after a Lithium overdose. In between the scenes of that phone conversation there is a clip of him vomiting. The audience later learns that this is because he is severely ill as a result of the stress. When this scene is shown, the sounds of him vomiting are hear but visually it looks as though he is simply coughing into the toilet. This leads the viewer to believe that perhaps this was placed there for dramatic effect. Another example would be the way the entire first scene is presented. It is clear the phone conversation has been cut and spliced. One scene is of Jonathan completely crumbling emotionally from the news of his mothers health, it lasts only for a second and then in the following scene hes completely collected and calm. It is evident that it is being presented to evoke a specific reaction from the audience rather then presenting it truthfully as it actually happened. Fiction can also find its way into autobiographic film in that people behave differently when in front of a camera. They might see it necessary to put on a show rather than be themselves because of their discomfort with being documented. In many scenes when Jonathan is filming Renee she becomes very excited and begins to behave in a way that makes her look as if she is acting for the camera instead of just being herself. Another example of altered behavior because of the presence of the camera would be when Jonathan confronts his grandfather Adolph about his decision for Renee to undergo shock therapy. Adolph becomes very defensive and begins to close himself off because of the camera. He says to Jonathan Take that away, take that away, I dont want to be photographed by him. People begin to worry more about the way they come across once they realize that they are being closely watched and documented. In Agnes Vardas The Beaches of Agnes, Varda uses quite a few re-enactments to illustrate scenes from her childhood. Haden Guest discusses Beaches in Emotion Picture. She focuses mostly on her style as she recreated the memorable moments of her past. Guest writes, The re-creation of childhood memories in evocatively restaged family photographs to the more abstract recreation of Varda and her crew assembling a fragile, open-air gallery of mirrors on a gusty beach. Audiences either find these recreations of past events helpful in gaining a better understanding of Vardas life or somewhat dishonest and overly staged. Again, re-enactments sort of lose the truth and allow the director to manipulate the audience into feeling one way about whatever it is they are presenting. Varda also chose to include footage of her and the crew working on the film, however its left up to the audience to decide whether this is a moment of authenticity or yet another staged manipulation for entertainment sake. Throughout Agnes Vardas film she has many imaginative scenes. There are scenes of her staring blankly into the camera and walking backwards through places she once lived. Though this is in the film to illustrate that she is going backwards in time to tell her story it takes way from the portrayal of her story. Its included in the film for an artistic purpose rather than for one of truth and accuracy. In one scene her friend Chris Marker appears in the image of a cat and his voice is distorted to sound like a robot of sorts in a staged conversation with Varda. This scene, among many others, seems very whimsical and far from what actually took place in her past. Aside from fictitious imaginative scenes, The Beaches of Agnes strays from the autobiographical film genre, in that when Varda explores her past she ends up becoming more interested in something that she discovers on this journey that has nothing to do with her story. When she returns to her childhood home she becomes fascinated with the elderly doctor who now owns it rather than focusing on the life she lived there. In his review on Beaches, Haden Guest writes †¦the film frequently wanders away from its purported subject in order to learn more about the various people encountered along the way. Its as if she is making two movies, one about her past and the other about the people she met on the journey to making the film, but attempting to put them all into one. It seems the goal of The Beaches of Agnes is not to serve as a confessional narrative but an exploration into her past with a focus on the people she encountered rather than on herself. In film it is very easy for fiction to slip in and take control for entertainment value, whereas in prose there is a lesser opportunity. Both Jonathan Caouette and Agnes Vardas styles of filming allow for fiction, whether it be through editing, reenactment or other elements of film. Each of these directors classify their films in the autobiographical genre which means their films should present their lives truthfully and accurately. However, in both films it is clear that each director has manipulated footage or used reenactments to present their lives in a different way. Neither film is one hundred percent truthful. These films should not contain over dramatizations or stretched truths. When tackling the genre of autobiographical film it is important to portray oneself and ones story in an honest light.

Safeguard the Future of Our Children Essay Example for Free

Safeguard the Future of Our Children Essay We do not realise that the future generation will not be able to survive without the natural resources we are squandering.With so much progress in this world these have started to matter a lot and play an immense role in our lives. Without any worry we waste tonnes and tonnes of water. For eg. we can take a shower wihtin 5 minutes but we rather prefer talking long baths in the water tub.Same is the case when we wash our cars, even thought they dont need cleaning we still wash them unnecessarily. If we really care about the survivl of the next generation we should start using water wisely and not waste it intentionally. Then comes forward the travelling which requires the 2 most important non renewable fossil fuels, oil and gas.Eventhough everyone is aware that these are formed over a 1000 years we yet waste them.It is time that we should start conserving them before it gets too late. We should stop relying on our vehicles for short distances and rather walk or contact our neighbours and carpool when going to places such as school or supermarket. In the long run it will help us in 2 ways that being the conservation of these and lesser pollution. Deforestation is now common in most areas of the world. Trees are being chopped off for the construction of roads, buildings and furniture. We do not realise that we are actually removing the vaccum cleaners of the area. What benefit will these roads and buildings do if we are no longer alive due to the laxk of oxyen or too much pollution? Considering all the facts it is clear that saving these natural resources is a duty of all and needs global importance. Please start acting soon since no one is ready to face global changes without forests, fuel and clean water.

Key Elements Of Industrial Relations Commerce Essay

Key Elements Of Industrial Relations Commerce Essay Worldwide approximately 6,000 workers lose their lives each and every day of the yeas due to work-related accidents, injuries, or diseases. An estimation of 2.2 million people throughout the world die every year because of work-related accidents and diseases and 270 million other people suffer from serious injuries and 160 million people suffer short or long term illness due to work each year. As this is a very high number and a critical issue in worldwide ILO has been at the heart of ILOs agenda, to protect against sickness, disease and injury taking place due to employment. As such this topic can be seen as an important issue in the IR systems of the world. The objective of this assignment is to see and come to a conclusion whether ILO can make a difference in the issue of Safety and Health at Work in the world today by looking closely at ILO, their work, views and recommendations on this issue through the knowledge and information that we got from this subject Industrial Relations. This discussion paper will also help us to improve our ability to communicate and generate ideas and give more comprehensive knowledge about Industrial Relations and its concepts and to identify what ILO needs to do in order to improve and make world more aware on Safety and Health at Work as this is a very important issue in the world today for its workers and employers. Betterment of Safety and Health at Work will establish much better relationships with their employees, have more satisfied and healthy workers, as such working place and people will be more happy and problem free which will help companies to achieve their goals easily and gain profits. Henc e, the IR system throughout the world will be more efficient and effective making the working environment and world a much better and safer place. (Safety and Health at Work, n.d.) 2.0 What are IR and IIR? Traditionally Industrial Relations (IR) focuses on formal and informal institutions of job regulation which includes collective bargaining, unions, employer associations and labour tribunals. A countrys industrial relations are formed by a series of influences like that countrys history, culture, law, technology, economic policies and response to globalization. Industrial relations are defined by Dunlop (1958) as the study of employment rules and their variations over time. As per Dunlop, government agencies and management unions established a network of rules to govern the workplace and the work community. It is the study about who generates the rules prevailing worker-management relations in the workplace, the temperament of those rules, and how they are managed and standardized. (Kelly, 1999) International Industrial Relations deals with the bodies and phenomena that have cross national limitations as their industrial relations features of multi-national companies or the international labour movement. 2.1 Key Elements of Industrial Relations (Refer Appendix 1) 2.2 Systems View of IR 2.3 Approaches to Industrial Relations 2.4 Success of an IR System Success of an IR system depends on a company successfully attending to certain issues by enabling and ensuring harmony within the economy and in turn gaining social development. (Refer Appendix 2) 3.0 International Labour Organization (ILO) Overview ILO was founded on 11th April 1919 at the peace conference by the Treaty of Versialls that ended the World War I. It was created mainly in response to humanitarian concern over the conditions of workders, political and economic considerations. Since its early days the ILO has made signal contributions to the world of work as in the first International Labour Conference held in Washington in October 1919 ILO adopted six International Labour Conventions dealing with working hours in industry, maternity protection, night work for women, unemployment, minimum age and night work for young people in the industry. The International Labour Office is the permanent secretariat and operational headquarters of ILO. There are more than 40 branch offices under the leadership of a Director-General with administration and management being decentralized in each regional area. Director-General is elected every five years by the governing body and is subjected to the instructions of the governing body and responsible for efficient conduct of the International Labour Office and other which may be assigned. ILO Administration Tribunal examines employment-related complaints by officials of International Labour Office who has recognized jurisdiction and currently serving 46,000 international civil servants who are serving of former officials of around 60 organisations. Universally ILO is regarded as an authoritative source of knowledge on the world of work and they have established institutes and centres that provide specialized research, training and support for the ILOs offices and constituents. (About the ILO, n.d.) 3.1 Structure of ILO Tripartite Constituency ILO is the only tripartite U.N. agency with government, employer, and worker representatives which makes them unique forum where governments and social partners of its 185 member states economy freely and openly debate and elaborate on labour standards and policies. 3.2 How ILO Works Tripartism and Social Dialogue Most important concept ILO is the cooperation between governments and employers and workers organizations in developing social and economic progress. By bringing together governments, employers and workers ILO aims to serve the needs of working women and men and setting labour standards, developing policies and devise programmes. This very structure shows ILOs social dialogue in action as workers and employers together have an equal voice with governments in its deliberations and these views are reflected in ILO labour standards, policies and programmes. Tripartism is encouraged within ILOs constituents and member states through promotion of social dialogue between trade unions and employers by formulation and implementation of national policy on social, economic and many other issues. ILOs main work is accomplished through three main bodies (The International labour Conference, the Governing body and the Office) which is comprise of governments, employers and workers representatives where the work of Governing Body and the Office is assisted by tripartite committees covering major industries. They are also supported by committees of experts on matters such as management development, industrial relations, vocational training, workers education, occupational safety and health, and special problems of women and young workers. To examine matters of special interest to concerned regions, regional meetings of the ILO member states are periodically held. (How the ILO works, n.d.) 3.3 Mission and Objective of ILO The primary goal of the ILO today is to promote opportunities for women and men to obtain decent and productive work, in conditions of freedom, equity, security and human dignity. (Juan Somavia, ILO Director-General) 3.4 The ILO Constitution The Preamble to the Constitutions says Whereas Universal and Lasting Peace can be established only if it is based upon Social Justiceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Please see ILO website for full text) 3.5 Scope of the ILO 3.6 Works of the ILO ILO seeks to ensure that labour standards are respected in practice as well as in principle while working with its member States as they are the global body responsible for drawing up and overseeing application of international standards. 3.7 Key Issues Tackled by the ILO Some of the key issues tackled by the ILO are: Global job crisis Social protection floor initiative Realizing the Millennium Development Goals Social Justice and a Fair Globalization 3.8 How ILO Intervenes 3.8.1 International Labour Standards and its Effects 3.8.2 Recent Status of International Labour Standards As at November 2012 the International Labour Standards can be said to have: 189 Conventions (C 189, Domestic Workers Convention, 2010) 202 Recommendations (R 202, Social Protection Floors Recommendation 2012) 185 Member States (Maldives, South Sudan, Republic of Palau) International Labour Standards are classified as; Basic Human Rights, Employment, Social policy, Labour Administration, Industrial Relations, Conditions of work, Social Security, Employment of Women, Employment of Children and Young Persons, Protection for Special Categories 3.8.3 Means of Action used by ILO 3.9 Areas Handled by ILO under Conventions and Recommendations 3.9.1 Conventions and Recommendations Conventions and Recommendations are two instruments used by the ILO to set international labour standards to set out basic principles and rights at work. Conventions are legally binding international treaties that might be ratified by member states and recommendations serve as non-binding guidelines. As convention lays down the basic principles to be implemented by ratifying countries while related recommendations complements the convention by giving more thorough guidelines on how it could be applied. Recommendations can also be self-ruling and not linked to any convention. There are 8 fundamental conventions and four priority governance conventions. (Refer Appendix 3) Total Number of Conventions: 189 Convention Fundamental: 8 Convention Governance (Priority): 4 Up to date Conventions: 82 Shelved Conventions: 25 Withdrawn Conventions: 5 Conventions in force: 153 Number of Protocols: 5 Number of Recommendations: 202 Withdrawn Recommendations: 36 3.9.2 Why these Areas are Important Some important Conventions and Recommendations are: No. 29 Forced Labour Convention (1930) No. 87 Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organize Convention (1948) No. 98 Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining Convention (1949) No. 100 Equal Remuneration Convention (1951) No. 105 Abolition of Forced Labour Convention (1957) No. 111 Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention (1958) No. 138 Minimum Age Convention (1973) and Recommendation NO. 190 No. 182 Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention (1999) and Recommendation No. 146 (ILO Conventions and Recommendations, n.d.) Details are given in the Appendix (Refer Appendix 4) T F 3.10 Supervision and Monitoring of Application of Standards ILO has a large standard-setting and supervision agenda and is essentially based on two types of procedures a regular procedure and ad hoc procedure which is activated on adversarial basis and is described in its Constitution. Present structure is the outcome of a series of adjustments made by the Conference and the Governing Body throughout the years in order to adapt the procedure to the growing numbers of conventions and states that are parties to them. As ILO is a tripartite organization its constituents and decision makers are not only the governments but also workers and employers and they all play an active role in the supervision of ratified conventions. (Romano, 1996) Below are some of supervisory documents, reports and bodies Annual Reports Under Article 22 ( ILO Constitution)- Ratified Conventions Under Article 19 ( ILO Constitution)- Non-ratified Conventions Committee of Experts on Application of Conventions and Recommendation (CEACR) Conference Committee on Application of Standards Global Report Reports under Declaration of Social Justice for Fair Globalization of 2008 3.11 ILOs Complaint Procedure ILOs complaint procedure is regulated by Articles 26 to 34 of the ILO Constitution by which a complaint can be judged against a member state not observing a convention to which it is a party and can be filed by: Another member state also having ratified the same convention Any delegate to the ILO Conference (each member state is also represented by a delegate representing the employers and a delegate representing the workers) The ILO Governing Body (composed of 28 state representatives, 14 representatives from employers and 14 representative of workers) This shows that a compliant cannot be filed by an individual and is mostly done by trade unions of the country which are represented in the ILO (Complaints, n.d.) Below are committees for complaints: Committee on Freedom of Association Commission of Inquiry 3.11.1 Declaration of Principles and Rights at Work and its Follow-up These declarations makes sure that these rights are universal and that they apply to all people in all states, regardless of their economic development and the commitment is supported by a follow-up procedure. The Declaration and its Follow-up provides three ways to help countries, employers and workers to achieve the full potential of the Declarations objective. They are: Annual Review composed of reports from countries that have not yet ratified Global Report Technical cooperation projects (About the Declaration, n.d.) 3.11.2 Core Labour Standards 4.0 Safety and Health at Work Every 15 seconds, a worker dies from a work-related accident or disease. Every 15 seconds, 160 workers have a work-related accident. There are more than 2.3 million deaths per year everyday, 6,300 people die as a result of occupational accidents or work-related diseases. From these 317 million accidents occur on the job annually which results in extended absences of workers from work. Hence, the human cost of this danger is huge and the economic burden caused due to poor occupational safety and health practices is anticipated at 4 percent of global Gross Domestic Product each year. 4.1 What is Safety and Health at Work? Safety and Health conditions at work differ from country to country, economic sectors and even social groups. Their concept of work culture is a reflection of the essential value systems adopted by that party and such cultures can be seen in practice in the managerial systems, personnel policy, principles for participation, training policies and quality management of the task. Safety and Health at work or Occupational safety and health (OSH) aim is the promotion and upholding of maximum level of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations; in summary the adaptation of work to man and of each man to his job. Main goal is to promote a safe and healthy work environment for every worker. The main focus is on three different objectives; The maintenance and promotion of workers health and working capacity The improvement of working environment and work to become conducive to safety and health, and Development of work organizations and working cultures in a direction which supports health and safety at work while doing so promoting a positive social climate and smooth operation and enhancing productivity of the work. 4.2 Reasons for selecting this Topic Main reason why I chose this topic is because today this is one of the main concerns in the world and the work environment. As industrial relations is a very important concept in each and every country today as creating and establishing a safe work environment is vital to the success of any business and is one of the best ways to retain staff and get their maximum productivity. As such this is very important and essential even though it might cost a bit to implement such safe practices and install safe equipment but not taking any action might lead to severe problems. As I used to work before and after finishing my studies I plan to go and start work I feel that safety in any workplace is essential and that businesses need to ensure this in order to keep their staff happy and make them work to their full potential. I also feel that knowing and understanding the OHS laws and new work health and safety laws will help me to avoid unnecessary costs and damage to myself and to my fellow w orkers and provide me satisfaction and an organization the foundation they need to achieve long-term success. When I go back to work I want to go to a place where there is best safety and health at work which will make my life safer in the work environment. This also a very crucial issue that people need to give their time and effort to make it better, specially international organization like ILO, to take notice and do something and make a difference in the world so that more people are aware of this problems, solutions and actions that will taken if there is bad safety and health at work as deaths and injuries take a primarily a heavy toll in developing countries, where most of the population is occupied in dangerous activities, such as agriculture, fishing and mining. Also the most affected are the poorest and least protected, often women, children and migrants throughout the world. 4.3 ILOs Approach on Safety and Health at Work ILO has a Programme on Safety and Health at Work and the Environment, SafeWork, which aims to create worldwide awareness of the scope and consequences of work-related accidents, injuries and diseases. SafeWorks aim is to place the health and safety of all workers on the international agenda; and to encourage and support practical action at all levels. As ILO says Decent work is safe work. (Safety and health at work, n.d.) The ILO published ILO-OSH in 2001 titled as Guidelines an on occupational safety and health management systems to help organizations with introducing OSH management systems. These guidelines encourage constant progression in employee health and safety, accomplished through a constant process of policy, organization, planning implementation, evaluation and action for improvement, all supported by constant auditing to resolve the success of OSH actions. In order to assist employers to keep up with the speedily changing and competitive industrial environments the ILO management system was created. ILO recognized that national legislation is vital but inadequate on its own to tackle the challenges faced by industry as such they selected to guarantee free and open distribution of administrative tools in the forum of occupational health and safety management system supervision for everyone to provide everyone with tools for industry to create safer and healthy working environment and set up a positive safety cultures within the organizations. 4.4 Safety and Health at Work Standards The ILO Constitution put forth the principle that workers should be protected from sickness, disease and injury taking place from their employment. ILO standards on occupational safety and health supplied fundamental tools for governments, employers, and workers to set up such practices and to provide for maximum safety at work. ILO have also adopted more than 40 standards in particular dealing with occupational safety and health, as well as over 40 Codes of Practice and almost half of ILO instruments deal directly with occupational safety and health issues. (Refer Appendix 4) 4.5 Good Practices of Safety and Health at Work in Different Countries The Healthy Workplaces Campaigns (formerly known as European Weeks for Safety and Health at Work) running since 2000 are one of EU-OSHAs principal tools for raising awareness of issues related to occupational safety and health, and promoting the idea that good health and safety is good for business. Also these campaigns are now largest of their kind in the world. (Healthy Workplaces Campaigns, n.d.) Some other good practices are: Assistance in planning and organization of all features of work, at all stages, to make sure working conditions which will not in the short or longer term damage the health and safety of the employees; Collaboration with the Internal Safety service, Safety Committee and involvement of workers, to make sure that all aspects of health and safety at work are incorporated in the workplace review and the solution of problems; Primary elements of the assessment principles of prevention are implemented in advising how the work is to be planned and performed. All company documentation needed for the risk assessment is collected; workplace and individual employee files are kept. Workplace assessment is performed in an efficient and practical way also in regard to the environment. Appropriate directions to the workers and their education are included; and Necessary training and expert assistance when needed are ensured. 4.6 Safety and Health at Work Situation in the Real World and its Reasons 4.6.1 Situation in General throughout the World Work plays an essential role in peoples lives as most workers spend at least eight hours a day in the workplace, whether it is an office, factory, on a plantation, etc. Hence, it is vital that work environment to be safe and healthy but this is not the case for many workers around the world. Each and every day workers around the world are faced with different health hazards, like dusts, gases, noise, vibration, extreme temperature and many more. It is very unfortunate that some employers take little responsibility for the protection of the workers and their health and safety. Actually some employers have no idea that they have the ethical and legal responsibility to protect their workers and due to this lack of knowledge and attention given to health and safety and hazards, work-related accidents and diseases are common throughout the world. (Your health and safety at work, n.d.) Map 1: Maplecroft Global Map of Health and Safety Risk 2011 http://human-rights.unglobalcompact.org/media/v_hr_solutions-20110825_121354/hr_solutions/images/global/health_and_safety.jpg 4.6.2 Safety and Health at Work in Relation to Sri Lanka Activities relating to occupational safety and health (OSH) in Sri Lanka are operated through priority outcome 2, Enhanced labour administration and promotion of equitable employment practices of the Decent Work Country Programme for Sri Lank 2008-2012. As occupational Safety and Health deals with the safeguard of the most valuable and indispensable human asset of any country, its workforce which includes not only the wage employment but all the working population who engages in some kind of self economic activity contributing to national development. According to ILOs estimates, in Sri Lanka about 4,000 accidents are being reported annually and around 600,000 working days each year are lost due to accidents. Since year 1896 till 1950 in Sri Lanka considerations on Occupational Safety and Health was confined to Mines and to the relevant machinery and only extended to Factories under Factory Ordinance to date. These shortcomings in relation to Occupational Safety and Health coverage in the formal sector is a key concern because only 30 percent of the labour force is covered by the statutory provision on OSH. As the government realized the need for wider coverage the state took responsibility to ensure safe and non-exploitative work environment for all Sri Lankans and the Ministry of Labour Relations and Manpower embarked on formulating new legislation with technical assistance from ILO. As a result the new Safety Health and Welfare at Work Act has been approved by Cabinet now and is expected to be presented to Parliament for their approval. (Safety and Health at work, Sri Lanka, 2012) 4.7 What is ILO doing about Safety and Health at Work at Present? Since its very beginning 90 years ago the protection of workers lives and health has been a key objective of the ILO. As todays rapidly changing world with its technological change and fast-paced and globalised economy causes new challenges and pressure on all areas of the world of work, especially for occupational safety and health which ILO has made as an integral element in their Decent Work Agenda. The Programme on Safety and Health at Work and the Environment (SafeWork) is ILOs lead unit on OSH which plays an important role in sharing best practices in the field and raising awareness of OSH issues. The four major goals of SafeWork are: Develop preventative policies and programmes to protect workers in hazardous occupations and sectors; Extend the effective protection to vulnerable groups of workers falling outside the scope of traditional protective measures; Better equip governments, employers and workers organizations to address problems of workers well-being, occupational health care and the quality of working life; and Document the social and economic impact of improving workers protection so that it can be recognized by policy and decision makers. (World Day for Safety and Health at Work 2009, 2009) The celebration of Word Day for Safety and Health is an essential part of Global Strategy on ILOs Occupational Safety and Health as they promotes the establishment of a global preventative safety and health culture by involving all stakeholders focusing international attention on emerging trends in the field of occupational safety and health and on the magnitude of work-related injuries, diseases and fatalities worldwide. It is also the day that worlds trade union movement holds its International Commemoration Day to honour the dead and injured workers who were the victims of occupational accidents and diseases they organize worldwide mobilization and campaigns on this date. The world day for Safety and Health at Work held on 28 April every year has become one of the most important international events for promoting OSH. Each year there is a theme which is built on promoting a preventative safety and health culture in the workplace with different sub-themes. Theme of 2012 centers on the promotion of occupational safety and health (OSH) in a green economy as there is a change in the world to a greener and more sustainable economy. In this as the green economy grows it is imperative that safety and health at work are incorporated into green jobs policies. This means that integrating risk evaluation and management measures in the life cycle study of all green jobs. (World Day for Safety and Health at Work in 2012: Promoting safety and health in a green economy, n.d.) ILO has also been actively supporting initiatives in some countries for developing national policies and programmes where else in other countries closely working with their governments to establish national tripartite advisory bodies for OSH. 4.8 Monitoring and Control Processes Adopted by ILO The ILO has developed an amount of comprehensive instruments to promote its work in the field of OSH and most of these international instruments are concerned with specific hazards or specific sectors. The ILO Promotional Framework for Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 2006 (No. 187) and its accompanying Recommendation (No. 197) describes requirements for countries to promote OSH through national OSH systems and programmes, building a preventive safety and health culture and applying a systems approach to the management of OSH and to make this happen employers, workers and governments all play key roles. Below table shows ILOs Strategic Approach on Occupational Safety and Health C:UsersuserDesktopilo.png There are three main components of the Promotional Framework Convention as per the table. (Refer Appendix 5) ILO has also established a knowledge management hub in the International Occupational Safety and Health Information Centre (ILO-CIS) to provide workers and employers with relevant up to date information regarding health and safety issues. The centre supports the ILOs action plan on knowledge and management and international association by being accountable for: Compiling OSH related information and ensuring worldwide access to it Creating and disseminating ILO OSH publications (including the ILO Encyclopedia and related products) Maintaining an international network of national and international OSH institutions. ILOs principle that Decent Work must be Safe Work, SafeWork aims to create worldwide awareness of the dimensions and consequences of work-related accidents and diseases; place OSH on the international and national plans and provide assistant to the national efforts for the development of national OSH systems and programmes in line with applicable international labour standards. 4.9 How it works in China and Indonesia ILO works with governments, workers and employers in China and Mongolia and are strengthening their efforts to prevent accidents and diseases at work by promoting a preventative safety culture via the biennial China International Forum on Work Safety and the observation of World Day on Safety and Health at Work each year on April 28. Also national occupational safety and health systems including legal frameworks, inspections, and occupational accidents and injuries reporting, training and information, and social dialogue are being strengthened in China. ILO has also been promoting a practical training programme on WISE (Work Improvement in Small Enterprises) in SMEs to meet the challenges in China as many young and migrant workers are employed in small and medium-sized enterprises. ILOs safety and health mandate also include helping workers, employers and governments reaction to the challenges created by HIV/AIDS and other health and psychosocial risk. Risk management focuses on prevention and anti-discrimination in the workplace as a key for successful response. In China Safety and health at work is a workers human right and an essential part of people-oriented, safe development plan put forward by their government as a healthy workforce and safe and productive enterprises are part of their sustainable development strategy. (Safety and health at work, Co-Beijing, n.d.) In Indonesia ILO has closely worked with tripartite partners to strengthen national OSH system and to ensure that OSH issues are fully incorporated and covered in all ILOs programmes as a primary part of the ILO Decent Work agenda in Asia. Under ILO-Jakarta all the projects and programmes have a component to make sure that improvement of OSH execution through research and training programmes. In Indonesia also ILOs health and safety mandate includes assisting workers, employers and governments reaction to the challenges faced by HIV/AIDS and by influenza pandemic through its HIV and AIDS programme and Avian Influenza and the Workplace project. In order to realize the goals of Asian Decent Workk Decade ILO is also helping Indonesia develop and apply preventative safety and health culture in workplaces. The Manpower Act No. 13 of 2003 mandated that every enterprise have to apply OSH management system to guard the safety of the workers and to comprehend the best productivity. Within the enterprise the cooperation of workers is essential for the prevention of occupational accidents and diseases. The enterprise policy should also reflect that workers duties in hazard control have as their counterpart the recognition of certain basic rights; particularly workers have the right to remove themselves from danger and refuse to carry out or continue work if they have rational justification and believe that it presents impending and serious threat to the

Gay Marriage Should be Legal Essay -- Same-Sex Marriage Essays

On June 26, 2015, the US Supreme Court ruled that the US Constitution guarantees the right for same-sex couples to marry. Many conservative groups do NOT agree with this decision. The believe that gay marriage should not be permitted but civil unions should be granted to lesbians and homosexuals. On the other hand there is a large group that believes neither gay marriage nor civil unions should be offered to gay and lesbian couples and that any legal union should be available to heterosexual couples only. The different opinions that are expressed by society’s attitudes towards gay marriage continue to cause great controversy throughout the country, and should come to a halt by allowing homosexuals to wed. The true meaning of marriage is sharing vows between two people to bind their feelings toward each other forever. Many feel that the sanction should be shared between a man and a woman and if it is opened to homosexuals this will take away from the importance of marriage. According to Robert Cummings, a writer for the Flint Journal, states, â€Å"Gay marriage is a mockery of a marriage between a man and a woman† (Cummings). A large amount of society feels that if gay people are married the sanction of marriage will become corrupt and will no longer be as important as it currently is. If marriage is such an important sanction between a man and a woman that will be corrupted by gay people, than why are men and women getting divorced each day as if marriage means nothing? Straight people take advantage of the privilege they have to wed, while gay couples have to suffer because they are not considered â€Å"normal†. Everyone is so fixed on the point that if they allow homo sexuals to marry there will be an increase in the d... ...e many different beliefs of society and religious groups. Although this country prides itself on freedom, the people that live within the country are not allowing for the country to be free by placing judgment on those who are â€Å"different†. If we begin as a nation to become more accustomed to different ways of life, the world will be a much safer and peaceful place to live. Works Cited Cummings, Robert. â€Å"Gay Marriage Simply Sinful.† Flint Journal. 8 November 2006. Academic Universe. Lexis-Nexis. Memorial Library, Cortland, NY. 12 March 2007. 11 May 2007. . Waldman, Steven. "A Common Missed Conception". Nov 19 2003. Nov 7 2004. . Roberts, John. "Gay Marriage Fight Heats Up." Feb 11 2004. Nov 6 2004. .

History of Euthanasia in America :: Free Euthanasia Essay

History of Euthanasia in America 1973- The American Medical Association issues the Patient Bill of Rights. The groundbreaking document allows patients to refuse medical treatment. 1976- The New Jersey Supreme Court rules that the parents of Karen Ann Quinlan, who has been in a tranquilizer-and-alcohol-induced coma for a year, can remove her respirator. She dies nine years later. 1979- Jo Roman, a New York artist dying of cancer, makes a videotape, telling her friends and family she intends to end her life. She later commits suicide with an overdose of sleeping pills. 1985- Betty Rollin publishes "Last Wish," the story of her mother's battle with ovarian cancer. The book reveals that Ida Rollin killed herself with a sedative overdose. 1990- Dr. Jack Kevorkian performs his first assisted suicide, using a homemade machine, to end the life of Alzheimer's patient Janet Adkins. Meanwhile, after protracted legal wrangling, the parents of Nancy Cruzan, who has been in a coma for seven years, are allowed to remove her feeding tube. Friends and co-workers testify in court that she would not have wanted to live. 1991- Hemlock Society founder Derek Humphry first publishes "Final Exit." The controversial suicide "how-to" book later becomes a national best seller. 1994- Voters in Oregon pass a referendum making it the only state in the country that allows doctors to prescribe life-ending drugs for terminally ill patients. The hotly contested law was not put into effect until last year. 1995- George Delury publishes "But What If She Wants to Die?" a diary chronicling his wife's long battle with multiple sclerosis. The book describes the couple's agonizing decision to end her life with a drug overdose. Delury served four months in prison for attempted manslaughter for his role in her death. 1997- In a unanimous decision, the Supreme Court rules that the Constitution does not guarantee the right to commit suicide with the help of a physician. The decision upholds laws in New York and Washington state making it illegal for doctors to give lethal drugs to dying patients. 1998- In November, Michigan voters defeat a measure that would have made physician-assisted suicide legal. Michigan Poll On Dr. Kevorkian and Euthanasia22 1. After watching that segment which showed Jack Kevorkian administering a lethal injection of drugs, do you think it was appropriate or not appropriate for "60 Minutes" to show that scene on television? 56%Appropriate 35% Not appropriate 10% Undecided/Don't know/Refused 2. Did the experience of watching Dr. History of Euthanasia in America :: Free Euthanasia Essay History of Euthanasia in America 1973- The American Medical Association issues the Patient Bill of Rights. The groundbreaking document allows patients to refuse medical treatment. 1976- The New Jersey Supreme Court rules that the parents of Karen Ann Quinlan, who has been in a tranquilizer-and-alcohol-induced coma for a year, can remove her respirator. She dies nine years later. 1979- Jo Roman, a New York artist dying of cancer, makes a videotape, telling her friends and family she intends to end her life. She later commits suicide with an overdose of sleeping pills. 1985- Betty Rollin publishes "Last Wish," the story of her mother's battle with ovarian cancer. The book reveals that Ida Rollin killed herself with a sedative overdose. 1990- Dr. Jack Kevorkian performs his first assisted suicide, using a homemade machine, to end the life of Alzheimer's patient Janet Adkins. Meanwhile, after protracted legal wrangling, the parents of Nancy Cruzan, who has been in a coma for seven years, are allowed to remove her feeding tube. Friends and co-workers testify in court that she would not have wanted to live. 1991- Hemlock Society founder Derek Humphry first publishes "Final Exit." The controversial suicide "how-to" book later becomes a national best seller. 1994- Voters in Oregon pass a referendum making it the only state in the country that allows doctors to prescribe life-ending drugs for terminally ill patients. The hotly contested law was not put into effect until last year. 1995- George Delury publishes "But What If She Wants to Die?" a diary chronicling his wife's long battle with multiple sclerosis. The book describes the couple's agonizing decision to end her life with a drug overdose. Delury served four months in prison for attempted manslaughter for his role in her death. 1997- In a unanimous decision, the Supreme Court rules that the Constitution does not guarantee the right to commit suicide with the help of a physician. The decision upholds laws in New York and Washington state making it illegal for doctors to give lethal drugs to dying patients. 1998- In November, Michigan voters defeat a measure that would have made physician-assisted suicide legal. Michigan Poll On Dr. Kevorkian and Euthanasia22 1. After watching that segment which showed Jack Kevorkian administering a lethal injection of drugs, do you think it was appropriate or not appropriate for "60 Minutes" to show that scene on television? 56%Appropriate 35% Not appropriate 10% Undecided/Don't know/Refused 2. Did the experience of watching Dr.

The Biblical Message of Cry, the Beloved Country :: Cry the Beloved Country Essays

The Biblical Message of Cry, the Beloved Country      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Alan Paton's book, "Cry, the Beloved Country", is about agitation and turmoil of both whites and blacks over the white segregation policy called apartheid. The book describes how understanding between whites and blacks can end mutual fear and aggression, and bring reform and hope to a small community of Ndotcheni as well as to South Africa as a whole. The language of the book reflects the Bible; furthermore, several characters and episodes are reminiscent of stories from the New Testament and teachings of Christ. Thus, Alan Paton, as a reformer and the author of "Cry, the Beloved Country", gives the people of South Africa a new, modern Bible, where he, like Christ, teaches to "love thy brother as yourself" in order to help whites and blacks overcome the fear and misunderstanding of each other.    The language of the book from the very beginning reveals its biblical nature. "The great valley of Umzimkulu is still in darkness, but the light will come there. Ndotcheni is still in darkness, but the light will come there also." The style includes symbols such as light and darkness, short clauses connected by "and" or "but", and repetition. This style is used to represent speech or thoughts "translated" from Zulu.    Jesus Christ is symbolized by the figure of Arthur Jarvis. He is a white reformer who fights for rights of blacks. Like Christ, he is very altruistic and wants to pursue his aims at all costs. His friend, Harrison, says: "Here [Arthur Jarvis] was, day to day, on a kind of mission." (173) Arthur Jarvis and his wife Mary "agree that it's more important to speak the truth than to make money." (172) Arthur Jarvis is killed in his house by Absalom, a black youth who gets entangled in crime. Absalom only intends to rob Arthur Jarvis, and the homicide is unintentional. Absalom thinks that Arthur Jarvis is out and comes into the house with two friends. However, when Arthur Jarvis "heard a noise, and came down to investigate" (186). Startled and afraid, Absalom fires blindly. Absalom later says in court: "Then a white man came into the passage... I was frightened. I fired the revolver." (194) Absalom's blind fear is symbolic of the fear, blindness, and misunderstanding between whites and blac ks; these are the reasons of racial hatred.

Fatherhood Essay

Homer Simpson from The Simpsons, Peter Griffin from Family Guy, and Jerry from Wizards of Waverly Place, are just a few of the many youth television shows that present a dangerously distorted male figure. Or The Sweet Life of Zack and Cody, who run rampant throughout the hotel that they live in with their mother who was left to raise her children due to a dead beat father who left the family when the kids were young. Whether there is a Dad or there is not a Dad; they are presented as weak, childish, and brainless. These men are, at best, the whipping post for the strong-willed mothers who apparently have the real power and are the ones that essentially keep the home and the children from falling apart. It is clear that the role of Fatherhood has been distorted and watered down in the current century. Because of this, many modern day fathers fail to accomplish their duties towards their family, duties defined in Scripture, not because they do not want to but because they do not understand how crucial they are to their family, because society tells them that they are not really needed, and simply that they do not even know where to start. The task of being a father is of critical importance, and it has never been more so than in this day and age. A child’s relationship with Dad is a decisive factor in that young man or woman’s health, development and happiness. Stephen K. Baskerville, an American scholar of political science as well as a leading authority on divorce, child custody and the family court system, wrote, â€Å"A generation of fatherhood advocates has emerged who insist that fatherlessness is the most critical social issue of our time. In Fatherless America, David Blankenhorn calls the crisis of fatherless children â€Å"the most destructive trend of our generation† (1995, 1). Their case is powerful. Virtually every major social pathology issue has been linked to fatherless children: violent crime, drug and alcohol abuse, truancy, unwed pregnancy, suicide, and psychological disorders—all correlating more strongly with fatherlessness than with any other single factor, surpassing even race and poverty. The majority of prisoners, juvenile detention inmates, high school dropouts, pregnant teenagers, adolescent murderers, and rapists come from fatherless homes (Daniels 1998, passim). Children from affluent but broken families are much more likely to get into trouble than children from poor but intact ones, and white children from separated families are at higher risk than black children in intact families (McLanahan 1998, 88). The connection between single-parent households and crime is so strong that controlling for this factor erases the relationship between race and crime as well as between low income and crime (Kamarck and Galston 1990, 14)† (Baskerville, independent. org). These statistics bring forth something vastly different than what is seen in pop culture’s most-watched TV shows. Despite these staggering statistics, no attempt is being made to change this very prominent issue that American society faces every day. Instead of the government focusing on getting rid of poverty through public school systems, go to the true source of the issue which would involve eliminating one-parent families and teaching every young man the importance of fatherhood and should be preparing them to step up when that day comes. History also plays a key role in the downfall of Male leaders in the home. The Industrial Revolution came upon the world with great force. Women began entering the workforce and started becoming more and more independent. Feminists rose from this age and helped fuel the beginnings of what we see today: that being, more and more single family homes, often being run by the mother and not the father. Women think they can do it on their own but this is not always the case. There are some women out there who have been able to raise successful children but this is not the case for many other single family homes. The bible is very vocal when it comes to fatherhood. The concept of fatherhood begins with the one who created the universe. Derek Prince, an international Bible teacher, says that â€Å"The fact behind all other facts is that God created the universe as father. He left his imprint on every aspect of creation† (Prince, 57). God is indeed, the perfect father whom every earthly father should model themselves after and give their all to be the best father they can be. Proverbs 22:6-11 reads, â€Å"Train up a child in the way he should go: and when he is old, he will not depart from it† (English Standard Version). The father is the initial instructor of his children and therefore sets the path for how they are going to live their lives. Ephesians 6:4 is a summary of instruction to parents, represented by the father, in a negative and positive way which states, â€Å"and now a word to you fathers, don’t make your children angry by the way you treat them. Rather, bring them up with the discipline and instruction approved by the Lord† (English Standard Version). This is where the issue of discipline comes into play. The father should not discipline with the intention of frustrating their child or making their child feel less of themselves. Wanda L. Ball, an author, speaker, and teacher, writes, â€Å"A wise parent wants to make obedience desirable through love and gentleness. Christian discipline is needed to prevent children from growing up without reverence for God, respect for their parent’s authority, knowledge of Christian standards and self-control. 2 Timothy 3:16-17 says, ‘All scripture is given of God and is profitable for teaching, reproving, correcting and instruction in righteousness; that the man (or woman) of God may be completely equipped for all good works. ’ This is what the Bible says about being a father† (Ball-publications. com). With this being said, a solid framework for how a father should be is established. The tricky part is how to carry this all out. God is indeed the model father. As Josh McDowell writes in his book, The Father Connection, â€Å"He is a tender Father who invites us to address Him as ‘Abba’†¦He is a listening Father who bids us to approach him boldly as ‘our father in heaven’†¦ He is a loving Father who freely and forcefully demonstrated his Father-love at the baptism of his Son, Jesus with a voice like thunder that said, ‘This is my Son, whom I love; with him I am well pleased. ’ He is a giving Father who gives good gifts to his children. He is the Father of all, the very definition of father-hood, the fount of everything that is good, moral, and worthy of imitation† (McDowell, 18). If this is not how a father would want to be then something is very wrong. Every man should be humble enough to model themselves to be like their Heavenly father who gave them the opportunity to even be a father. God is a wondrous God who is more to us than just a Creator. What follows will lay out all that a father should be towards his son, his daughter, as well as his wife. These will all be discussed separately and then related back to each-other in the end. For his son, a father must create an early bond with him, must be able to discipline his son, and lastly, must be a consistent example for his son in every aspect of life. For his daughter, a father must recognize that he is the first man in her life, must constantly encourage her, must exercise leadership and display perseverance, and needs to be there for his daughter by comforting her, being compassionate, and by supporting her. Lastly for a father, is his relationship with his wife, who is the source of his father-hood. How a husband treats his wife is crucial in raising children. A husband must be able to take input from his wife and be able to make decisions from that input, must love and cherish his wife at all time, and must also be able to give praise to his wife. A father’s children watch him constantly and one of the main ways children learn from their father is by observing how he treats their mother. The modern day man fails to accomplish his duties towards his son: to teach and guide him towards manhood. Fatherhood is not something to fool around with and take lightly. A father has the responsibility of properly raising members of the future generations. The job of a father is not just doing well in business but rather raising their son. A father’s main goal in raising his son should be to train the young boy throughout his early life how to be a man and to teach him what it means to be a man. Fatherhood is complex and requires hard work and commitment, as well as love. To start, manhood needs to be defined. Rick Johnson, a best-selling Christian author and speaker focusing on parenting, marriage, fathering, personal growth, character development, and masculinity, says that â€Å"authentic manhood is living for a cause bigger than yourself† (Johnson, 18-19). This means that one should not simply live for themselves but live for the benefit of others. A man needs to be a servant to others which includes, first and foremost, his wife and children; to be the protector and leader. When it comes to the son, he needs to be able to look at his father in a similar way to the way he looks at superheroes like superman and spider-man. In other words, his father needs to be able to look at his father and say, â€Å"I want to be like my dad when I grow up. † For a father, this type of respect must be earned. Relationships are hard work and take effort and care. As it says in Proverbs, â€Å"train a child in the way he should go, and when he is older he will not turn from it† (English Standard Version, Proverbs 22:6). A father needs to focus on his character because that is the best way to gain a young boys respect. A father could be courageous, compassionate, loving, strong, understanding, and so on. A son will notice this and seek to emulate it. To start out, a father must begin to bond with his son in his sons early years. This is much harder to do now than it did in the past. Before the Industrial Revolution, the father and son were with each other almost every moment of every day. The father would work the land at home and would train his son at an early age to do the same. Fathers did not have to take time out of there day to have â€Å"bonding time† with their son. It just happened because that’s how the times were (Johnson). Unfortunately, after the Industrial revolution, the men started to work outside of the home for hours and hours on end and were not home nearly as much. In current culture it becomes more and more difficult for fathers to bond with their sons in the early stages of life. Cheryl Erwin, a licensed marriage and family therapist who provides parent coaching, parent education, and professional training to help you develop both wisdom and skill wrote, â€Å"A father’s role in the raising of his children has changed dramatically over the past century or two. In generations past, sons expected to follow in their fathers’ footsteps, apprenticing in their work and in their approach to life. During the nineteenth century, however, fathers began to go out to work, and the measure of a man’s success slowly changed. Rather than the closeness of his family and the strength of his family business, a man’s worth could be measured in his income, the value of his house, and the size of his car. Parenting became â€Å"women’s work†; fathers were just too busy earning a living. And generations of boys grew up hungering for closeness with a father they barely knew, someone who came home only to eat dinner, look over omework, hear about the day’s misbehavior, and watch a little television† (Erwin, life. familyeducation. com) Sons yearn for their fathers. In Proverbs it says, â€Å"The glory of sons is their fathers† (English Standard Version, Proverbs 17:6). Just as God’s people seek to worship him, a son seeks to worship his father. It’s clear that young boys seek to be like their father. They try to walk the same way, talk the same way, dress the same way. It is a part of our genetic makeup. Rick Johnson writes, â€Å"Our sons’ eyes are watching us constantly. They observe how we react to the many justices and injustices of the world† (Johnson, 20). They need to see a man’s ability to recover from mistakes and stay strong in tough times. A boy relies on his father to be there through all of what life brings forth. Next, a father needs to be able to discipline his son. Many men misunderstand the concept of discipline. They think that discipline should be used to instill fear in their children for what he might do to punish them for their wrongful actions. This however, is exactly the opposite of what disciplining is. Discipline is to be done in love and not anger. One does not discipline because he is angry that his child has overstepped his bounds. Instead, he should be committed to teaching the child what to do and what not to do; to know what is right and what is wrong. Dr. Lawrence Balter, a child psychologist and parenting expert wrote that â€Å"discipline is not just punishing, forcing compliance or stamping out bad behavior. Rather, discipline has to do with teaching proper deportment, caring about others, controlling oneself and putting someone else’ wishes before one’s own when the occasion calls for it. When disciplining, the focus needs to be on teaching and not on punishing. Over time, as a father bonds with his son and develops a deeper relationship with him, the son should not have to fear the wrath that is about to come but should instead fear disappointing him due to the deep respect the son has for the father. Lastly, possibly the most difficult of all, is the father being a constant example to his son. In order for the son to accept things that he is corrected about, he must see that the Father does those things that he is constantly instilling in his son. The most important of which is being respectful to everyone. In order for one’s son to respect him, they must see that the father respects everyone in all situations including his son. In order to get respect you must first give it . Respect is earned. In relation to having respect for others, the father must display self-respect. A boy must see confidence in his father. The father must know that no matter what people think of him his son will always think highly of him. This goes a long with the fact that boys yearn for their fathers love. Included in being an example is having respect for women. Chivalry, something that has been around for hundreds of years is becoming less and less implemented in young men by their fathers. One of the simplest ways a father can do this is by opening doors for women. This shows a young boy that we are willing servants of women in that we do the â€Å"dirty work. † A woman is delicate and should be treated as such. Chivalry is only the half of it. A father needs to be an example for his son by how he treats his wife. The bible calls men to be considerate of their wives and to treat them with respect. If a son sees his father disrespecting his wife he will more than likely treat women in a similar fashion and vice versa. In the end, the father plays the most crucial role in the development of a young man. It is easy for a man to become distracted with all of the things life throws at him and forget about how important he is to his son. A man needs to set his priorities straight from the moment he gets married and has children. In all things, God is first, family is second, and work is third. A man needs to, above all else, instill biblical principles in the family life. He needs to be the anchor of the family in Christ. He is the natural leader and needs to act as such. His job is to raise a son with the same values. Moving on to daughters, Meg Meeker, a Pediatrician, wrote, â€Å"Fathers, more than anyone else, set the course for a daughter’s life† (Meeker 1). Whether a father wants to believe it, he is the most important person in a young girl’s life, not the mother. The problem today is that fathers assume they do not have much of an influence on their daughters. A father automatically thinks that the mother has the bigger responsibility over the daughter because she can better relate to a girl’s problems. In media, it is very common for the father to cause their daughter to cry over an unimportant issue and then would send the mother after her to comfort her. Unfortunately, this is how it is in many homes. Fathers are becoming more and more distant from their daughters and are unaware of how detrimental this can be as they become more and more uninvolved in their daughter’s life. The modern day father fails to accomplish his duties towards his daughter and to realize how important he is to his daughter, not because he does not want to but because he does not know what to do or even where to start. A father needs to recognize that he is the first man in his daughter’s life, needs to be encouraging of his daughter, must display leadership and perseverance, and must be able to be compassionate and understanding towards his daughter’s emotions and problems.

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (a Govt. of India Enterprise)

BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED (A GOVT. OF INDIA ENTERPRISE) OFFICE OF THE C. G. M. T. AMBALA ***** recruitment OF telecom TECHNICAL ASSISTANT (TTA) for Haryana telecom bout Applications argon invited from the desirable candi bushel outs for recruitment of 156 issue forth of Telecom Technical partners by Haryana Telecom rophy for its diverse 09(Nine) Secondary permutation Areas (SSAs) as per details disposed(p) belowCategory wise Vacancies Physical invalid SC OBC Loco Hearing ap manoeuvre of SSA Total Vacancies AMBALA 46 25 09 11 naught 01 KARNAL 17 12 01 04 zip cypherHISSAR 30 19 06 05 naught Nil ROHTAK 20 11 04 05 Nil Nil FARIDABAD 05 04 Nil 01 Nil Nil JIND 06 04 01 Nil 01 Nil REWARI 09 04 02 03 Nil Nil GURGAON 12 08 Nil 04 Nil Nil SONEPAT 11 06 02 02 01 Nil Total 156 93 25 35 02 Address where cover is to be submitted 01 OC AGM(Admn/HR)O/o GMTD Ambala AGM(Admn/HR)O/o senior GMTD Karnal AGM(Admn/HR) O/o elder GMTD Hissar AGM(Admn/HR) O/o GMTD Rohtak AGM(Admn/HR) O /o Sr. GMTD Faridabad AGM(Admn/HR) O/o GMTD Jind AGM(Admn/HR) O/o GMTD Rewari AGM(Admn/HR) O/o Sr. GMTD Gurgaon AGM(Admn/HR) O/o GMTD S adeptpat zero(prenominal)e(1) 0% of the total vacancies in each(prenominal)ow for be speechless for Ex-servicemen. Candi terms who conf affair non been discharged earlier to visualize of submission of good testple departing non be treated as Ex-Serviceman and they should non contain chthonian this household. (2) The round of vacancies is subject to change / revision. (3) in that location is no military reserve for ST category in Haryana as per rudimentary Government directions. IDA home of Pay- Telecom Technical confederate shall be ordained in the IDA redeem scale of Rs. 13600-25420 with annual increment 3% of underlying pay + early(a) allowances admittible as per Comp whatever rules.Jurisdiction no(prenominal)mally selected candi assures forget be posted at the homogeneous SSA that under special set they allow f or be posted some(prenominal)place in Telecom Circle and some(prenominal)where in India under Territorial / personnel Act 1948. days limita) The applier should be betwixt 18 to 27 year of suppurate as on net date of submission of work on. b) However, this eon is relaxable for hobby categories of diligences (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) For Schedule castes upto 5 long time. For OBC candidates upto 3 historic effect. For PH candidates upto 10years( 15 years for SC and 13 years for OBC) For departmental candidates up to 40 years in look on of ecumenic candidates. p to 45 years in lever of SC candidates in accord with the instructions or orde rs issued by the telephone exchange Government. up to 43 years in respect of OBC candidates. For Residents of J&K - Relaxation shall be in accordance with DoP&T O. M No. 15012/7/1991 -Estt(D) go out 06-12-2005 pertaining to Residents of narrate of Jammu and Kashmir(Relaxation of Upper duration limit for recruitment to Central accom plished Services & Posts) Rules 1997. (v) either Central / State Government /PSU Employees should send their applications through decent channel. Age peace for Ex-serviceman result be applicable as per Central Govt. Rules. The crucial date for determining the age limit shall be the closing date of applications (i. e ) 13. 05. 2013. Educational Qualification The applicator must(prenominal) possess, as on the prevail date of Application, the educational susceptibilitys in all of the succeeding(a) discip originations from a ac friendship get / Univerposturey (a) Three Years Engineering sheepskin in i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) vii) Tele chats Engineering Electronics Engineering galvanizing Engineering Radio Engineering estimator Engineering Instrumentation/ Instrument applied science In runation Technology (b) M. Sc(Electronics) from a accept institution / University.Note(a) (b) (c) Only such supplyfulness and streams as prescribed above is allowed. at that place is no equivalence provided. Candidates possessing high strength in the eligible stream atomic deem 18 allowed to come out in the examination. The candidate must have completed the requisite capacity by closing date of application i. e. their final results must have been state before closing date of application and he/she should submit diploma / degree / provisional diploma / degree presentation that he/she has completed the requisite qualification (alongwith total attach) by closing date of application.Appearing / those who have non passed all semester are non eligible. Results d makeloaded from Internet ordain not be accepted. Mode of Selection By means of competitive examination to be held in accordance with sylla coach and programme as under. Exam impart be held at SSA direct and Merit tip pull up stakes be drawn by respective SSA. at that place shall be provided One Paper of multiple excerpt objective type(OMR stalkd) of three hours duration with the following details- Part-I Part-II Part-III PART popular capacity analyse canonic Engineering peculiarity MARKS 20 90 90 Day & Time 30-06-2013 (Sunday) 10. 00 AM to 01. 00 PM Note(I)No bonus marks allow for be awarded for any higher qualifications or sports qualifications. (II) Candidates will have option to appear in account either in Hindi or English address. medical exam FitnessThe selected candidates will be need to tolerate a medical Test to ensure that they are physically sufficient and mentally alert to execute the duties evaluate of a TTA before sending them on TTAs fostering. Period of Probation- 2 years Concessions for SC Candidates(a) moveing Allowance to SC candidate The applicants traveling to SC categories will be entitled to T. A as per provisions of Central Government.Filled up TA Form in the coiffure attached. (b) Pre-recruitment bringing up for SC Candidates- Necessary Pre-enlisting educational activity for SC candidates will be conducted at CTTC Kurukshet ra. spontaneous candidates may send their request alongwith application. wedge and Training- All the candidates shall execute a bond in the form undertake by the BSNL indicating their willingness to lot the BSNL for a period of two years from the date of fitting as TTA. The selected candidates, before their appointment as TTA will have to productively undergo prescribed training as per training plan laid down and revise by the BSNL from time to time.The appointment and measure will be subject to successful completion of training. During training period, the direct recruited TTAs will be entitled to a stipend of Rs. 4970/- plus IDA admissible thereon and allowances as amended by the BSNL from time to time. The length of service of the candidates will be decided on their post training marks. Service obligation Normally within the territorial legal power of Secondary Switching Area (SSA) but enthralable anywhere in Haryana. Candidates if mandatory are to a fault conceiv able(p) to serve in the Territorial Army / planetary house Unit in accordance with rules make there under.Registration in Employment substitutionThere is no restriction of domicile or essential cause of fitting with the Employment Exchange in the fussy SSA in which the applicant may pass. It would, however, be preferable if the applicant has registration in the employment exchange of the SSA concerned in which the applicant applies. Note- Candidates need apply in scarce ace SSA of his/her election. angle- The Examination stipend(Non-refundable) of Rs. 500/-(Rs. Five one hundred Only) is to be sent alongwith the application form in the shape of Crossed Indian Postal Order / Bank enlist drawn in the favour of invoice postr(Cash) O/o Sr.GMTD/GMTD (name of SSA) of the SSA concerned as the example may be. Payable at their issue Quarters and must be purchased / issued after(prenominal)(prenominal) the date of advertisement. Fee remitted by Money Orders, Cheques etcet era will not be accepted. No examination fee is necessitate to be paid in respect of SC /PH candidate. political platform The syllabus is servingable on website www. haryana. bsnl. co. in How to apply- Typed Application as per arrange duly suffered in b y the candidate in his/her own handwriting should be sent to the AGM(Admn/HR) O/o Sr.GMTD /GMTD (name of SSA) of the SSA concerned for which the candidate wishes to apply at the address disposed above, in vogue(p) by 13-05-2013. Three youthful resembling passport size photographs (duly demonstrate by a Gazetted officer) out of which one is to be affixed in the space provided and some other should be enclosed with the application. The en velope containing application should be super scribed in dauntless letters Application for Direct Recruitment to the cadre of Telecom Technical Assistants twain self addressed stamped envelopes size (2311 cms) (affix a postal stamp of Rs. /- to each one) should also be enclosed with the application. Note - 1) No application should be submitted to the office of tribal chief General Manager Telecom Haryana Circle,Ambala . All such applications are liable to be summarily spurned. (2) Please enclose only photocopies of all the credentials and elaborate mark-sheets duly attested by the candidates himself/ herself as well as by a Gazetted subprogramr in support of age, qualification, caste etc. SC / OBC certificate should be as requisite for central govt. service. In OBC certificate it should be categorically mentioned that the candidate does not belong to creamy grade.The name in the SC/OBC certificate should perfectly match with that in the matric certificate & other certificates of higher qualifications. The candidate should write his name in the same format as is mentioned in the matric & other certificates. If the same is effect to be different, the application will be rejected. For example if SURNAME is not mentioned in the matric certificate, the same should not be in the SC/OBC certificate etc. & also should not be write in the application form. Married feminine candidates (wherever applicable) should submit SC/OBC certificate issued after their marriage accord to the caste of their husband.APPLICATIONS accredited AFTER THIS DATE WILL BE SUMMARILY REJECTED. Rejection Application received without the required fees, without copies of attested certificates, in complete applications, drafts scathely addressed, not having qualification strictly according to as tending(p) above & application received after due date will be summarily rejected . Abbreviations- OC = opposite Caste ,SC = Scheduled Caste, OBC = Other Backward Classes ,PH = Physical Handicapped, Ex-SM = EX-servicemen. Chief General Manager Telecom Haryana Telecom Circle Ambala-133001 BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED A Government of India endeavor APPLICATION FOR EXAMINATION FOR EXAMINATION -2012 IN HARYANA BSNL indicate RECRUITMENT OF TELECOM. TECHNICAL ASSISTANT (TTA) a ll-important(a) Notes (i) Before filling this form, read detailed advertisement carefully. (ii) All entries should be make in capital letters. 1. summons of Recruitment Unit (SSA) 2. anticipate (in capital letters) (for S. No. 2 & 3 please upkeep one box blank between first name, middle name & last name) 3. Fathers/Husbands Name (in capital letters) 4. Date of stock DAY MONTH YEAR 5. Age as on the closing date of receipt of application 13-05-2013 YY 7. Gender Male/Female 8. married Status MM 9. 6.Whether claiming age relaxation? DD Write Yes/No CATEGORY Nationality Married/Unmarried belongs to SC/ST/OBC/OC/PWD 10 Country By get or Domicile 11. Category (write, as applicable) Whether BSNL employee (Yes/No). If yes, mention HRMS No. Whether undergone apprentice training in BSNL successfully (Yes/No) If Physically change (Attach Medical Certificate as in Annexure I) whether LOCOMOTIVE HEARING disability or Whether Govt. employee (Yes/No). Whether belongs to Exservicemen /J&K Pl ease plant Percentage of deadening 12. Address for commensurateness (in capital letters) Name Address urban center State e-mail address wide awake No. Please affix one recent passport size snarl without deposition autumn Code Tele. No(with STD Code) soupcon of Candidate 13. Educational Qualification ( parchment in Engg. & above). Name of Engg. University/Institute Diploma/ full stop with Discipline As per the Advertisement whether eligible (Yes/No) Please affix one recent passport size Photograph without attestation 14. Permanent Address (in capital letters) Name Month & Year of Passing Fathers/Husbands Name Address City State Pin Code 15. Declaration to be habituated by OBC candidate only, eligible to avail reservation applicable to OBC I .. on/daughter of Shri .. restnt of village/ town/city. . Dis trict. State .. .. hereby declare that I belong to the . community which is recognized as a backward frame by the Government of India for the purpose of reservation in services as per orders contained in Department of Personnel and Training self-confidence Memorandum No. 36012/22/93-Estt. (SCT), dated 8. 9. 1993. It is also declared that I do not belong to persons/sections (Creamy Layer) mentioned in tower 3 of the Schedule to the above referred Office Memorandum dated 8. 9. 1993 and amended vide OM No. 6033/3/2004-Estt. (Res. ) Dated 14. 10. 2008. DECLARATION TO BE SIGNED BY THE APPLICANT I do hereby declare that all the statements made in the application are true, complete and define to the best of my association and belief. I go through that in t he event of any extra information given above creation open up false or incorrect, my canvassing for the post of Telecom Technical Assistant(TTA) is liable to be rejected or cancel and in the event of any mis-statement or discrepancy in the special(prenominal)s being notice after my appointment, my services are liable to be terminated forthwith without any notice to me.I also understand tha t if appointed, I would rank junior to any TTA who had been appointed earlier by the erstwhile spit/DTS/DTO or BSNL or any other candidate who had already pendant in the TTA examination but not appointed as TTA by BSNL so far. Similarly, candidates of TTA examination held prior to my appointment will also rank en-bloc senior to me. pop Date ( mite of the Applicant) SCEHEME & SYLLABUS FOR TTA DIRECT RECRUITMENT EXAMINATION The standard of paper in General ability test will be such as may be pass judgment of an Engineering Diploma holder.The standard of papers in other subjects will be approximatel y be that of Diploma take aim of Indian Polytechnic. There shall be single multiple choice objective type Paper of 3 hours duration as per details given belowPaper Part-I General ability test Part-II Basic Engineering Part-III distinction Marks 20 90 90 Time allowed 3 hours Note- tokenish qualifying marks for different category of candidates will be as follows (a) negligible qualify ing marks in the paper will be 40% for the General Category(OC) and 33% for the candidates of SC/ST/OBC/PH categories.The header paper shall comprise of these parts of 20,90 and 90 each, as prescribed in the organization and Syllabus. There will be a single paper of 200 marks and each school principal shall carry one mark. (b) The minimum qualifying marks in each of the thre e parts of interrogation paper will be 30% for OC and 20% for candidates belonging to OBC/SC/ST categories i. e the minimum passing marks in each of the 3 parts in respect of OBC/SC/ST, it will be 6,27 and 27 respectively whereas in respect of OBC/SC/ST, it will be 4,18 and 18 respectively. c) Further relaxation of 2% in marks will be given to the physically Handicapped candidates in each category viz OC-PH,OBC-PH,SC-PH and ST-PH. (d) There will be negative marking for each wrong one , 25% of mark of that question shall be deducted. PART-I GENERAL ABILITY TEST- 20 MARKS The candidates cognizance and unders tanding(a) of General English shall be tested through simple-minded exercise such as provision of antonyms and synonyms, fill in the blanks and multiple -choice exercises etc.This shall also embroil questions on current events, general knowledge and such matters of everyday observation and experience as may be expected of Diploma holder. PART -II BASIC ENGINEERING- 90 MARKS exact Syllabus is as under 1. use Mathematics aline Geometry Vector Algebras, Matrix and Determinant differential gear calculus Integral calculus, Differential equality of second order Fourier Series Laplace transform Complex come up Partial Differentiation. 2. Applied Physics Measurement-Units and Dimensions Waves, Acoustics, Ultrasonic Light laser and its Applications Atomic Structure and Energy Levels. . Basic electricity Electrostatics, coulombs law, Electric handle, Gausss theorem, concept of potential end concept of capacitance and capacitors Ohm s law, power energy, Kirchoffs voltage and curren t laws and their applications in simple DC circuits Basic magnetism Electro Magnetism Electromagnetic induction sentiment of alternating voltage & curren t cells and Batteries voltage and Current Sources Thevenins theorem, Nortons theorem and their applications. 4.Electronic Devices and Circuits miscellanea of materials into conductor ,semi conductor, insulator etc. electrical properties, magnetic materials, various types of relays, slipes and connectors. Conventional example of electric and electronic circuit elements. lively and Passive components semi conductors Physics fishing tackle Conductor Diode Bipolar transistor & their circuits electronic transistor Biasing & Stabilization of operating point Single stage transistor amplifier field effect transistor, Mosfet circuit applications.Multistage Transistor Amplifier Transistor Audio Power Amplifiers Feedback in Amplifier sinusoidal Oscillators tuned Voltage Amplifier Opto Electronics Devices and their applications Opera tional Amplifier wave geological formation and switching circuits. hold back diagram of I. C timer(such as 555) and its functional Multivibrator circuits Time base circuits Thyristors and UJT Regulated Power Supply. 5.Digital Techniques Applications and advantages of digital forms number system(binary and hexadecimal) Logic Gates Logic step-down Codes and Parity Arithmetic Circuits Decoders. Display Devices and Associated Circuits Multiplexers and De-multiplexers Latches and contrive Flops Counters Shift Register Memories A/D and D/A converters. PART-III SPECIALIZATION-90 MARKS Detailed Syllabus is as under 1.Electrical 3 phase vs single phase supply, champ Delta Connections, relation between phase & line voltage, power figure and their mensurations construction and principles of on the job(p) of various types of electrical measurement instruments, all types of motor and author -AC & DC transformers, starters, rectifiers, invertors, bombardment charges, batteries, servo and stepper motors, contactor discipline circuits, switch gear, relays, protection devices & schemes, substation, protection relaying, circuit breaker, generator protection, transformer protection, feeder & l ightening protection, feeder & bus bar protection, lightening arrestor, earthing, voltage stabilizer & regulators, power control devices & circuits, phase controlled rectifiers, invertors, choppers, threefold converters, cyclo converters power electronics application in control of drivers, refrigeration & air conditioning. 2.Communication Modulation and demodulations-principles and surgical process of various types of AM, FM and PM modulators/demodulators momentum modulation -TDM,PAM,PPM,PWM Multiplexing, Principles and applications of PCM. Introduction of Basic deflect diagram of digital and data communication system coding error detecting and correction techniques Digital Modulation Techniques -ASK,ICW,FSK,SK Characteristics/ running(a) of data transmission circuits UAR T,USART Modems Protocols and their functions, brief root word of ISDN interfaces, local area Net cogitation aircraft carrier telephony -Features of carrier telephone system. microwave oven Engineering nuke Devices Waveguides Microwave Components Microwave antennas Microwave Communication System- ingurgitate diagram & operative principles of microwave communication link. 3.Network, Filters and transmittal Lines Two point network, Attenuator Filters Transmission Lines and their applications characteristic resistivity of line concept of reflection and standing waves on transmission line Transmission line equation Principle of impedance matching Bandwidth consideration of transmission line. 4. Instruments and Measurements condition of instruments-accuracy, precision, sensitivity, resolution range. Error in measurement and loading effect Principles of voltage, current and exemption measurement Transducers, measurement of displacement & strain, force & torque measuring devices, f low of measuring devices, power control devices & circuits. Types of AC milli voltmeters-Amplifier rectifier amplifier Block diagram explanation of a prefatorial CRO and a triggered sweep oscilloscope, earlier panel controls Impedance Bridges and Q-Meters.Principles of works and specification of logic probes, signal analyzer and logic analyzer, signal generator, distortion factor meter, spectrum analyzer. 5. Control Systems Basic elements of control system , open and closed loop system, concepts of feedback. Block diagram of control system, Time lag, hysterisis linearity concepts Self regularization and non self regulating control systems. Transfer function of simple control components, single feedback configuration. Time solvent of systems. Stability Analysis Characteristics equation. Rouths table, Nyquist Criterion, sexual intercourse stability, phase margin and gain margin. Routh Harwitz step Root Locus technique, Bode plot, Po wer plot, gain margin and phase margin. 6. Mi croprocessors characteristic organization of microcomputer system and unctions of its various blocks, Architecture of a Microprocessor Memories and I/O Interfacing Brief idea of M/C & assembly languages, Machines and Mnemonic codes Instructions format and Addressing mode concept Instruction set programming exercises in assembly language concept of interrupt Data transfer techniques-sync data transfer, async data transfer, interrupt set data transfer, DMA, ordered output data, serial input data. 7. Computer Computers and its working, types of computers, familiarization with DOS and windowconcept of file, directory, folder, Number Systems Data Communication. Programming-Elements of a high level programming language, PASCAL, C use of basic data structures Fundamentals of computer architecture, mainframe computer design, control unit design reposition organization. I/O System Organization. Microprocessor-microprocessor architecture, instruction set and simple assembly level program ming. Microprocessor ground system design representative examples.Personal computers and their typical uses, data communication principles, types and working principles of modems, Network principles, OSI model, functions of data link layer and network layer, networking components communication protocol-x. 25, TCP/IP. Database focussing System-basic concepts, entity relationship model, relational model, DBMS based on relational model. Annexure-A NAME & accost OF THE INSTITUTE/HOSPITAL Certificate No Date DISABILITY CERTIFICATE new Photograph of the candidate showing the disability duly attested by the death chair of the Medical progress. This is certified that Shri/Smt/Kum son/ wife/daughter of Shri. age. sex assignment marks(s) is suffering from permanent disability of following category A. (i) Locomotors or cerebral paralyse BL Both legs affected but not arms. ii) OL One leg affected (right or left) (a) Impaired reach (b) Weakness of catch (c) Ataxic (iii) BH Stiff back and hips (Cannot sit or stoop) (iv) MW Muscular weakness and especial(a) physical endurance. B. Blindness or measly Vision (i) B Blind (ii) PB partially Blind C. Hearing Impairment (i) D Deaf (ii) PD Partially Deaf (Delete the category whichever is not applicable) 2. This condition is progressive/non-progressive/likely to improve/ not likely to improve. Re-assessment of this case is not recommended/ is recommended after a period of _______________ years ___________ months*. 3. Percentage of disability in his/her case is percent. 4. Sh. /Smt. /Kum. . eets the following physical requirements for discharge of his/her duties(i) F-can answer work by manipulating with fingers. Yes/No (ii) PP-can perform work by pulling and pushing. Yes/No (iii) L-can perform work by lifting. Yes/No (iv) KC-can perform work by rest and crouching. Yes/No (v) B-can perform work by bending. Yes/No (vi) S-can perform work by sitting. Yes/No (vii) ST-can perform work by standing. Yes/No (viii) W-c an perform work by walking. Yes/No (ix) SE-can perform work by seeing. Yes/No (x) H-can perform work by hearing/speaking. Yes/No (xi) RW-can perform work by reading and writing. Yes/No (Dr. ___________________) penis Medical Board (Dr. _____________________) (Dr. ___________________) Member electric chair Medical Board Medical Board Countersigned by the Medical superintendent/CMO/Head of Hospital (with seal) *Strike out which is not applicable. BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED A Government of India opening Office of Sr. GMTD/GMTD___________ Form for reimbursement of travelling Allowance in respect of SC candidates for attending written test exam for the post of Telecom Technical Assistant (TTA)-2012 at _______________________________________Centre. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Name of Applicant collect Number Community (Attested photocopy of the certificate enclosed) Residential Address As given in Application form) Address from where transit has been performed Whether employed or not I f employed, whether in Centre/State Govt. or Central /State Govt. Corporation, Public Sector Undertaking, mystical Sector etc. 8. Details of pilgrimage and kvetch/Bus fare etc. Date of From To Mode of Class of Travel Journey Journey Bus/Rail Distance Travelled (one side) Ticket number Fare (In Rs. ) CERTIFIED THAT a) I am unemployed and as certificate of Unemployment issued by MP/MLA or a Gazetted Office of the place where I normally reside is enclosed. b) I have not claimed/will not claim T. A. for this journey from any other source. ) I have rattling travelled by the shortest route and by the class/mode for which I have preferred the claim. d) I do hereby declare that all the statements made in the application are true, complete and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. I understand that in the event of any particular information given above found fake or incorrect, necessary action as deemed fit may be taken by BSNL. Dated Signature of Applicant Note 1. Ca ndidate will have to submit original shred for inward journey. The payment will be made by BSNL through cheque. For use of BSNL Verified by Admissible hail Rs. ______________________ (Signature Designated Officer of BSNL) Signature of DDO