Business Accounting Essay Example

Business Accounting Paper CHAPTER 1 Accounting: An Overview and Analysis MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 41. Accountants refer to an economic event as a a. purchase. b. sale. c. transaction. d. change in ownership. 42. The process of recording transactions has become more efficient because a. fewer events can be quantified in financial terms. b. computers are used in processing business events. c. more people have been hired to record business transactions. d. business events are recorded only at the end of the year. 43. Communication of economic events is the part of the accounting process that involves a. identifying economic events. b. uantifying transactions into dollars and cents. c. preparing accounting reports. d. recording and classifying information. 44. Which of the following events cannot be quantified into dollars and cents and recorded as an accounting transaction? a. The appointment of a new CPA firm to perform an audit. b. The purchase of a new computer. c. The sale of store equipment. d. Payment of income taxes. 45. The use of computers in recording business events a. has made the recording process more efficient. b. does not use the same principles as manual accounting systems. c. has greatly impacted the identification stage of the accounting process. . is economical only for large businesses. 46. The accounting process involves all of the following except a. identifying economic transactions that are relevant to the business. b. communicating financial information to users by preparing financial reports. c. recording nonquantifiable economic events. d. analyzing and interpreting financial reports. 47. The accounting process is correctly sequenced as a. identification, communication, recording. b. recording, communication, identification. c. identification, recording, communication. d. communication, recording, identification. 48. Which of the following techniques are not used by accountants to interpret and report financial information? a. Graphs b. Special memos for each class of external users c. Charts d. Ratios 49. Which of the following would not be considered an internal user of accounting data for the XYZ Company? a. President of the company b. Production manager c. Merchandise inventory clerk d. President of the employees labor union 50. Which of the following would not be considered an external user of accounting data for the XYZ Company? a. Internal Revenue Service Agent b. Management c. Creditors d. Customers 51. Which of the following would not be considered internal users of accounting data for a company? a. The president of a company b. The controller of a company c. Creditors of a company d. Salesmen of the company 52. Which of the following is an external user of accounting information? a. Labor unions b. Finance directors c. Company officers d. Managers 53. Which one of the following is not an external user of accounting information? a. Regulatory agencies b. Customers c. Investors d. All of these are external users 54. Bookkeeping differs from accounting in that bookkeeping primarily involves which part of the accounting process? . Identification b. Communication c. Recording d. Analysis a55. All of the following are services offered by public accountants except a. budgeting. b. auditing. c. tax planning. d. consulting. a56. Which list below best describes the major services performed by public accountants? a. Bookkeeping, mergers, budgets b. Employee training, auditing, bookkeeping c. Auditing, taxation, management consulting d. Cost accounting, production scheduling, recruiting a57. Preparing tax returns and engaging in tax planning is performed by a. public accountants only. b. private accountants only. c. both public and private accountants. . IRS accountants only. a58. A private accountant can perform many activities in a business organization but would not work in a. budgeting. b. accounting information systems. c. external auditing. d. tax accounting. 59. The origins of accounting are generally attributed to the work of a. Christopher Columbus. b. Abner Doubleday. c. Luca Pacioli. d. Leonardo da Vinci. 60. Financial accounting provides economic and financial information for all of the following except a. creditors. b. investors. c. managers. d. other external users. 61. The final step in solving an ethical dilemma is to a. dentify and analyze the principal elements in the situation. b. recognize an ethical situation. c. identify the alternatives and weigh the impact of each alternative on stakeholders. d. recognize the ethical issues involved. 62. The first step in solving an ethical dilemma is to a. identify and analyze the principal elements in the situation. b. identify the alternatives. c. recognize an ethical situation and the ethical issues involved. d. weigh the impact of each alternative on various stakeholders. 63. Ethics are the standards of conduct by which ones actions are judged as a. right or wrong. b. onest or dishonest. c. fair or unfair. d. all of these. 64. Generally accepted accounting principles are a. income tax regulations of the Internal Revenue Service. b. standards that indicate how to report economic events. c. theories that are based on physical laws of the universe. d. principles that have been proven correct by academic researchers. 65. The cost principle requires that when assets are acquired, they be recorded at a. appraisal value. b. exchange price paid. c. selling price. d. list price. 66. The cost of an asset and its fair market value are a. never the same. b. the same when the asset is sold. . irrelevant when the asset is used by the business in its operations. d. the same on the date of acquisition. 67. The body of theory underlying accounting is not based on a. physical laws of nature. b. concepts. c. principles. d. definitions. 68. The private sector organization involved in developing accounting principles is the a. Feasible Accounting Standards Body. b. Financial Accounting Studies Board. c. Financial Accounting Standards Board. d. Financial Auditors Standards Body. 69. The SEC and FASB are two organizations that are primarily responsible for establishing generally accepted accounting principles. It is true that a. they are both governmental agencies. b. the SEC is a private organization of accountants. c. the SEC often mandates guidelines when no accounting principles exist. d. the SEC and FASB rarely cooperate in developing accounting standards. 70. GAAP stands for a. Generally Accepted Auditing Procedures. b. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. c. Generally Accepted Auditing Principles. d. Generally Accepted Accounting Procedures. 71. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the cost principle? a. Reliability b. Subjectivity c. Objectivity d. Verifiability 72. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Accounting specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Business Accounting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Business Accounting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The ACE Company has five plants nationwide that cost $100 million. The current market value of the plants is $500 million. The plants will be recorded and reported as assets at a. $100 million. b. $600 million. c. $400 million. d. $500 million. 73. All of the following are advantages cost has over other valuations except that it a. is reliable. b. can be objectively measured. c. can be verified. d. is relevant. 74. The proprietorship form of business organization a. must have at least three owners in most states. b. represents the largest number of businesses in the United States. c. ombines the records of the business with the personal records of the owner. d. is characterized by a legal distinction between the business as an economic unit and the owner. 75. The economic entity assumption requires that the activities a. of different entities can be combined if all the entities are corporations. b. must be reported to the Securities and Exchange Commission. c. of a sole proprietorshi p cannot be distinguished from the personal economic events of its owners. d. of an entity be kept separate from the activities of its owner. 76. A business organized as a corporation a. is not a separate legal entity in most states. . requires that stockholders be personally liable for the debts of the business. c. is owned by its stockholders. d. terminates when one of its original stockholders dies. 77. The partnership form of business organization a. is a separate legal entity. b. is a common form of organization for service-type businesses. c. enjoys an unlimited life. d. has limited liability. 78. Which of the following is not an advantage of the corporate form of business organization? a. Limited liability of stockholders b. Transferability of ownership c. Unlimited personal liability for stockholders d. Unlimited life 79. A small neighborhood barber shop that is operated by its owner would likely be organized as a a. joint venture. b. partnership. c. corporation. d. proprietorship. 80. Joan and Sara met at law school and decide to start a small law practice after graduation. They agree to split revenues and expenses evenly. The most common form of business organization for a business such as this would be a a. joint venture. b. partnership. c. corporation. d. proprietorship. 81. Which of the following is true regarding the corporate form of business organization? a. Corporations are the most prevalent form of business organization. b. Corporate businesses are generally smaller in size than partnerships and proprietor-ships. c. The revenues of corporations are greater than the combined revenues of partnerships and proprietorships. d. Corporations are separate legal entities organized exclusively under federal law. 82. A basic assumption of accounting that requires activities of an entity be kept separate from the activities of its owner is referred to as the a. stand alone concept. b. monetary unit assumption. c. corporate form of ownership. d. economic entity assumption. 83. Deb Smith is the proprietor (owner) of Smittys, a retailer of athletic apparel. When recording the financial transactions of Smittys, Deb does not record an entry for a car she purchased for personal use. Deb took out a personal loan to pay for the car. What accounting concept guides Debs behavior in this situation? a. Pay back concept b. Economic entity assumption c. Cash basis concept d. Monetary unit assumption 84. A basic assumption of accounting assumes that the dollar is a. unrelated to business transactions. b. a poor measure of economic activities. c. the common unit of measure for all business transactions. d. useless in measuring an economic event. 85. The assumption that the unit of measure remains sufficiently constant over time is part of the a. economic entity assumption. b. cost principle. c. historical cost principle. d. monetary unit assumption. 86. A business that enjoys limited liability is a a. proprietorship. b. partnership. c. corporation. d. sole proprietorship. 87. A problem with the monetary unit assumption is that a. the dollar has not been stable over time. b. the dollar has been stable over time. c. the dollar is a common medium of exchange. d. it is impossible to account for international transactions. 88. The common characteristic possessed by all assets is a. ong life. b. great monetary value. c. tangible nature. d. future economic benefit. 89. Owners equity is best depicted by the following: a. Assets = Liabilities. b. Liabilities + Assets. c. Residual equity + Assets. d. Assets – Liabilities. 90. The basic accounting equation may be expressed as a. Assets = Equities. b. Assets – Liabilities = Ow ners Equity. c. Assets = Liabilities + Owners Equity. d. all of these. 91. Liabilities a. are future economic benefits. b. are existing debts and obligations. c. possess service potential. d. are things of value used by the business in its operation. 92. Liabilities of a company would not include . notes payable. b. accounts payable. c. wages payable. d. cash. 93. Liabilities of a company are owed to a. debtors. b. benefactors. c. creditors. d. underwriters. 94. Owners equity can be described as a. creditorship claim on total assets. b. ownership claim on total assets. c. benefactors claim on total assets. d. debtor claim on total assets. 95. Owners equity is often referred to as a. residual equity. b. leftovers. c. spoils. d. second equity. 96. When an owner withdraws cash or other assets from a business for personal use, these withdrawals are termed a. depletions. b. consumptions. c. drawings. d. credit line. 97. Capital is a. an owners permanent investment in the business. b. equ al to liabilities minus owners equity. c. equal to assets minus owners equity. d. equal to liabilities plus drawings. 98. Revenues would not result from a. sale of merchandise. b. initial investment of cash by owner. c. performance of services. d. rental of property. 99. Sources of increases to owners equity are a. additional investments by owners. b. purchases of merchandise. c. withdrawals by the owner. d. expenses. 100. The basic accounting equation cannot be restated as a. Assets – Liabilities = Owners Equity. b. Assets – Owners Equity = Liabilities. c. Owners Equity + Liabilities = Assets. d. Assets + Liabilities = Owners Equity. 101. Owners equity is decreased by all of the following except a. owners investments. b. owners withdrawals. c. expenses. d. owners drawings. 102. A net loss will result during a time period when a. liabilities exceed assets. b. drawings exceed investments. c. expenses exceed revenues. d. revenues exceed expenses. 103. If total liabilities increased by $15,000 and owner’s equity increased by $5,000 during a period of time, then total assets must change by what amount and direction during that same period? . $20,000 decrease b. $20,000 increase c. $25,000 increase d. $30,000 increase 104. If total liabilities decreased by $15,000 and owner’s equity increased by $5,000 during a period of time, then total assets must change by what amount and direction during that same period? a. $20,000 increase b. $10,000 decrease c. $10,000 increase d. $15,000 d ecrease 105. If total liabilities decreased by $25,000 and owner’s equity increased by $5,000 during a period of time, then total assets must change by what amount and direction during that same period? a. $20,000 decrease b. $20,000 increase c. $25,000 increase . $30,000 increase 106. If total liabilities decreased by $15,000 and owner’s equity decreased by $5,000 during a period of time, then total assets must change by what amount and direction during that same period? a. $20,000 increase b. $10,000 increase c. $20,000 decrease d. $10,000 decrease 107. If total liabilities increased by $14,000 during a period of time and owner’s equity decreased by $6,000 during the same period, then the amount and direction (increase or decrease) of the period’s change in total assets is a(n) a. $14,000 increase. b. $20,000 increase. c. $8,000 decrease. d. $8,000 increase. 08. The accounting equation for Goodboys Enterprises is as follows: AssetsLiabilitiesOwnerâ€⠄¢s Equity $120,000=$60,000+$60,000 If Goodboys purchases office equipment on account for $12,000, the accounting equation will change to AssetsLiabiltiesOwner’s Equity a. $120,000 = $60,000 +$60,000 b. $132,000 = $60,000 +$72,000 c. $132,000 = $66,000 +$66,000 d. $132,000 = $72,000 +$60,000 109. As of June 30, 2008, Houston Company has assets of $100,000 and owner’s equity of $5,000. What are the liabilities for Houston Company as of June 30, 2008? a. $85,000 b. $90,000 c. $95,000 d. $100,000 110. Owners equity is increased by a. drawings. b. revenues. c. expenses. d. liabilities. 111. Owners equity is decreased by a. assets. b. revenues. c. expenses. d. liabilities. 112. If total liabilities increased by $4,000, then a. assets must have decreased by $4,000. b. owners equity must have increased by $4,000. c. assets must have increased by $4,000, or owners equity must have decreased by $4,000. d. assets and owners equity each increased by $2,000. 113. Collection of a $500 Accounts Receivable a. increases an asset $500; decreases an asset $500. b. increases an asset $500; decreases a liability $500. c. ecreases a liability $500; increases owners equity $500. d. decreases an asset $500; decreases a liability $500. 114. Revenues are a. the cost of assets consumed during the period. b. gross increases in owners equity resulting from business activities. c. the cost of services used during the period. d. actual or expected cash outflows. 115. If an individual asset is increased, the n a. there must be an equal decrease in a specific liability. b. there must be an equal decrease in owners equity. c. there must be an equal decrease in another asset. d. none of these is possible. 116. If services are rendered for credit, then . assets will decrease. b. liabilities will increase. c. owners equity will increase. d. liabilities will decrease. 117. If expenses are paid in cash, then a. assets will increase. b. liabilities will decrease. c. owners equity will increase. d. assets will decrease. 118. If an owner makes a withdrawal of cash from a proprietorship, then a. there has been a violation of accounting principles. b. owners equity will increase. c. owners equity will decrease. d. there will be a new liability showing the owner owes money to the business. 119. If supplies that have been purchased are used in the course of business, then a. liability will increase. b. an asset will increase. c. owners equity will decrease. d. owners equity will increase. 120. As of December 31, 2008, Anders Company has assets of $35,000 and owners equity of $20,000. What are the liabilities for Anders Company as of December 31, 2008? a. $15,000 b. $10,000 c. $25,000 d. $20,000 121. Which of the following events is not a business transaction? a. Investment of cash by the owner b. Hired employees c. Incurred utility expenses for the month d. Earned revenue for services provided 122. Net income results when a. Assets ; Liabilities. b. Revenues = Expenses. c. Revenues ; Expenses. d. Revenues ; Expenses. 123. Owners capital at the end of the period is equal to a. owners capital at the beginning of the period plus net income minus liabilities. b. owners capital at the beginning of the period plus net income minus drawings. c. net income. d. assets plus liabilities. 124. A balance sheet shows a. revenues, liabilities, and owners equity. b. expenses, drawings, and owners equity. c. revenues, expenses, and drawings. d. assets, liabilities, and owners equity. 125. An income statement a. summarizes the changes in owners equity for a specific period of time. b. eports the changes in assets, liabilities, and owners equity over a period of time. c. reports the assets, liabilities, and owners equity at a specific date. d. presents the revenues and expenses for a specific period of time. 126. If the owners equity account increases from the beginning of the year to the end of the year, then a. net income is less than owner drawings. b. a net loss is l ess than owner drawings. c. additional owner investments are less than net losses. d. net income is greater than owner drawings. Use the following information for questions 127–129. Jimmys Car Repair Shop started the year with total assets of $270,000 nd total liabilities of $180,000. During the year, the business recorded $450,000 in car repair revenues, $255,000 in expenses, and Jimmy withdrew $45,000. 127. Jimmys Capital balance at the end of the year was a. $240,000. b. $225,000. c. $285,000. d. $195,000. 128. The net income reported by Jimmys Car Repair Shop for the year was a. $150,000. b. $195,000. c. $90,000. d. $405,000. 129. Jimmys Capital balance changed by what amount from the beginning of the year to the end of the year? a. $45,000 b. $195,000 c. $90,000 d. $150,000 130. The balance sheet is frequently referred to as a. an operating statement. . the statement of financial position. c. the statement of cash flows. d. the statement of owners equity. 131. The primar y purpose of the statement of cash flows is to report a. a companys investing transactions. b. a companys financing transactions. c. information about cash receipts and cash payments of a company. d. the net increase or decrease in cash. 132. All of the financial statements are for a period of time except the a. income statement. b. owners equity statement. c. balance sheet. d. statement of cash flows. 133. The ending owners equity amount is shown on a. the balance sheet only. b. he owners equity statement only. c. both the income statement and the owners equity statement. d. both the balance sheet and the owners equity statement. 134. Benson Company began the year with owner’s equity of $175,000. During the year, the company recorded revenues of $250,000, expenses of $190,000, and had owner drawings of $20,000. What was Benson’s owner’s equity at the end of the year? a. $255,000 b. $215,000 c. $405,000 d. $235,000 135. Ed Dexter began the Dexter Company by inve sting $20,000 of cash in the business. The company recorded revenues of $185,000, expenses of $160,000, and had owner drawings of $10,000. What was Dexter’s net income for the year? a. $15,000 b. $35,000 c. $25,000 d. $45,000 136. Jenner Company began the year with owner’s equity of $15,000. During the year, Jenner received additional owner investments of $21,000, recorded expenses of $60,000, and had owner drawings of $4,000. If Jenner’s ending owner’s equity was $46,000, what was the company’s revenue for the year? a. $70,000 b. $74,000 c. $91,000 d. $95,000 137. Janzen Company began the year with owner’s equity of $217,000. During the year, Janzen received additional owner investments of $294,000, recorded expenses of $840,000, and had owner drawings of $56,000. If Janzen’s ending owner’s equity was $531,000, what was the company’s revenue for the year? a. $860,000 b. $916,000 c. $1,154,000 d. $1,210,000 Use the following information for questions 138-139. Benny’s Repair Shop started the year with total assets of $100,000 and total liabilities of $80,000. During the year, the business recorded $210,000 in revenues, $110,000 in expenses, and owner drawings of $20,000. 138. Owner’s equity at the end of the year was a. $120,000. b. $100,000. c. $80,000. d. $90,000. 139. The net income reported by Benny’s Repair Shop for the year was a. $80,000. b. $100,000. c. $60,000. . $190,000. Use the following information for questions 140–141. Berwick Company compiled the following financial information as of December 31, 2008: Revenues$140,000 Berwick, Capital (1/1/08)105,000 Equipment40,000 Expenses125,000 Cash35,000 Berwick, Drawings10,000 Supplies5,000 Accounts payable20,000 Accounts receivable15,000 14 0. Berwick’s assets on December 31, 2008 are a. $235,000. b. $170,000. c. $80,000. d$95,000. 141. Berwick’s owner’s equity on December 31, 2008 is a. $105,000. b. $110,000. c. $80,000. d. $120,000. 142. Ironton Company’s owner’s equity at the beginning of August 2008 was $300,000. During the month, the company earned net income of $60,000 and owner’s drawings were $20,000. At the end of August 2008, what is the balance in owner’s equity? a. $260,000 b. $300,000 c. $340,000 d. $380,000 143. On January 1, 2008, Jackson Company reported owner’s equity of $470,000. During the year, the owner withdrew cash of $20,000. At December 31, 2008, the balance in owner’s equity was $500,000. What amount of net income or net loss would the company report for 2008? a. Net income of $30,000 b. Net loss of $50,000 c. Net income of $10,000 d. Net income of $50,000 Use the following information for questions 144–146. Jenkins Catering started the year with total assets of $20,000 and total liabilities of $5,000. During the year, the business recorded $16,000 in catering revenues and $8,000 in expenses. Jenkins made an additional investment of $3,000 and withdrew cash of $5,000 during the year. 144. The owner’s equity at the end of the year was a. $21,000. b. $18,000. c. $8,000. d. $2,000. 145. The net income reported by Jenkins Catering for the year was a. $16,000. b. $11,000. c. $8,000. d. $3,000. 146. Owner’s equity changed by what amount from the beginning of the year to the end of the year? a. $15,000 b. $14,000 c. $6,000 d. $3,000 147. During the year 2008, Toronto Enterprises earned revenues of $45,000, had expenses of $25,000, purchased assets with a cost of $5,000 and had owner drawings of $3,000. Net income for the year is a. $45,000. b. $20,000. c. $17,000. d. $15,000. 148. At October 1, Bennington Enterprises reported owner’s equity of $35,000. During October, no additional investments were made and the company earned net income of $4,000. If owner’s equity at October 31 totals $32,000, what amount of owner drawings were made during the month? a. $0 b. $1,000 c. $3,000 d. $7,000 149. At October 1, Bennington Enterprises reported owner’s equity of $35,000. During October, no additional investments were made and the company posted a net loss of $3,000. If owner’s equity at October 31 totals $32,000, what amount of owner drawings were made during the month? a. $0 b. $1,000 c. $3,000 d. $7,000 150. At October 1, Bennington Enterprises reported owner’s equity of $35,000. During October, the owner made additional investments of $2,000 and the company earned net income of $6,000. If owner’s equity at October 31 totals $40,000, what amount of owner drawings were made during the month? a. $0 b. $3,000 c. $4,000 d. $5,000 151. At October 1, Bennington Enterprises reported owner’s equity of $35,000. During October, the owner made additional investments of $5,000 and the company posted a net loss of $3,000. If owner’s equity at October 31 totals $35,000, what amount of owner drawings were made during the month? a. $0 b. $2,000 c. $3,000 d. $5,000 Additional Multiple Choice Questions 152. Which of the following is not part of the accounting process? a. Recording b. Identifying c. Financial decision making d. Communicating 153. The first part of the accounting process is a. communicating. b. identifying. c. processing. d. recording. 154. Keeping a systematic, chronological diary of events that are measured in dollars and cents is called a. ommunicating. b. identifying. c. processing. d. recording. 155. Auditing is a. the examination of financial statements by a CPA in order to express an opinion on their fairness. b. a part of accounting that involves only recording of economic events. c. an area of accounting that involves such activities as cost accounting, budgeting, and accounting information systems. d. conducted by the Securities and Exchange Commission to ensure that registered financial statements are presented fairly. 156. Internal users of accounting information include all of the following except a. company officers. b. investors. c. marketing managers. . production supervisors. 157. The organization(s) primarily responsible for establishing generally accepted accounting principles is(are) the FASBSEC a. nono b. yesno c. noyes d. yesyes 158. The primary accounting standard-setting body in the United States is the a. Financial Accounting Standards Board. b. International Accounting Standards Board. c. Internal Revenue Service. d. Securities and Exchange Commission. 159. A proprietorship is a business a. owned by one person. b. owned by two or more persons. c. organized as a separate legal entity under state corporation law. d. owned by a governmental agency. 160. A net loss will result during a time period when a. assets exceed liabilities. b. assets exceed owners equity. c. expenses exceed revenues. d. revenues exceed expenses. 161. The Ryder’s Uptown Grill received a bill of $400 from the Erml Advertising Agency. The owner, John Ryder, is postponing payment of the bill until a later date. The effect on specific items in the basic accounting equation is a. a decrease in Cash and an increase in Accounts Payable. b. a decrease in Cash and an increase in J. Ryder, Capital. c. an increase in Accounts Payable and a decrease in J. Ryder, Capital. d. a decrease in Accounts Payable and an increase in J. Ryder, Capital. 162. James Company purchases $600 of equipment from Mundelein Inc. for cash. The effect on the components of the basic accounting equation of James Company is a. an increase in assets and liabilities. b. a decrease in assets and liabilities. c. no change in total assets. d. an increase in assets and a decrease in liabilities. 163. Morreale Beaver Company buys a $12,000 van on credit. The transaction will affect the a. income statement only. b. balance sheet only. c. income statement and owners equity statement only. d. income statement, owners equity statement, and balance sheet. Business Accounting Essay Example Business Accounting Essay CHAPTER 1 Accounting: An Overview and Analysis MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 41. Accountants refer to an economic event as a a. purchase. b. sale. c. transaction. d. change in ownership. 42. The process of recording transactions has become more efficient because a. fewer events can be quantified in financial terms. b. computers are used in processing business events. c. more people have been hired to record business transactions. d. business events are recorded only at the end of the year. 43. Communication of economic events is the part of the accounting process that involves a. identifying economic events. b. uantifying transactions into dollars and cents. c. preparing accounting reports. d. recording and classifying information. 44. Which of the following events cannot be quantified into dollars and cents and recorded as an accounting transaction? a. The appointment of a new CPA firm to perform an audit. b. The purchase of a new computer. c. The sale of store equipment. d. Payment of income taxes. 45. The use of computers in recording business events a. has made the recording process more efficient. b. does not use the same principles as manual accounting systems. c. has greatly impacted the identification stage of the accounting process. . is economical only for large businesses. 46. The accounting process involves all of the following except a. identifying economic transactions that are relevant to the business. b. communicating financial information to users by preparing financial reports. c. recording nonquantifiable economic events. d. analyzing and interpreting financial reports. 47. The accounting process is correctly sequenced as a. identification, communication, recording. b. recording, communication, identification. c. identification, recording, communication. d. communication, recording, identification. 48. Which of the following techniques are not used by accountants to interpret and report financial information? a. Graphs b. Special memos for each class of external users c. Charts d. Ratios 49. Which of the following would not be considered an internal user of accounting data for the XYZ Company? a. President of the company b. Production manager c. Merchandise inventory clerk d. President of the employees labor union 50. Which of the following would not be considered an external user of accounting data for the XYZ Company? a. Internal Revenue Service Agent b. Management c. Creditors d. Customers 51. Which of the following would not be considered internal users of accounting data for a company? a. The president of a company b. The controller of a company c. Creditors of a company d. Salesmen of the company 52. Which of the following is an external user of accounting information? a. Labor unions b. Finance directors c. Company officers d. Managers 53. Which one of the following is not an external user of accounting information? a. Regulatory agencies b. Customers c. Investors d. All of these are external users 54. Bookkeeping differs from accounting in that bookkeeping primarily involves which part of the accounting process? . Identification b. Communication c. Recording d. Analysis a55. All of the following are services offered by public accountants except a. budgeting. b. auditing. c. tax planning. d. consulting. a56. Which list below best describes the major services performed by public accountants? a. Bookkeeping, mergers, budgets b. Employee training, auditing, bookkeeping c. Auditing, taxation, management consulting d. Cost accounting, production scheduling, recruiting a57. Preparing tax returns and engaging in tax planning is performed by a. public accountants only. b. private accountants only. c. both public and private accountants. . IRS accountants only. a58. A private accountant can perform many activities in a business organization but would not work in a. budgeting. b. accounting information systems. c. external auditing. d. tax accounting. 59. The origins of accounting are generally attributed to the work of a. Christopher Columbus. b. Abner Doubleday. c. Luca Pacioli. d. Leonardo da Vinci. 60. Financial accounting provides economic and financial information for all of the following except a. creditors. b. investors. c. managers. d. other external users. 61. The final step in solving an ethical dilemma is to a. dentify and analyze the principal elements in the situation. b. recognize an ethical situation. c. identify the alternatives and weigh the impact of each alternative on stakeholders. d. recognize the ethical issues involved. 62. The first step in solving an ethical dilemma is to a. identify and analyze the principal elements in the situation. b. identify the alternatives. c. recognize an ethical situation and the ethical issues involved. d. weigh the impact of each alternative on various stakeholders. 63. Ethics are the standards of conduct by which ones actions are judged as a. right or wrong. b. onest or dishonest. c. fair or unfair. d. all of these. 64. Generally accepted accounting principles are a. income tax regulations of the Internal Revenue Service. b. standards that indicate how to report economic events. c. theories that are based on physical laws of the universe. d. principles that have been proven correct by academic researchers. 65. The cost principle requires that when assets are acquired, they be recorded at a. appraisal value. b. exchange price paid. c. selling price. d. list price. 66. The cost of an asset and its fair market value are a. never the same. b. the same when the asset is sold. . irrelevant when the asset is used by the business in its operations. d. the same on the date of acquisition. 67. The body of theory underlying accounting is not based on a. physical laws of nature. b. concepts. c. principles. d. definitions. 68. The private sector organization involved in developing accounting principles is the a. Feasible Accounting Standards Body. b. Financial Accounting Studies Board. c. Financial Accounting Standards Board. d. Financial Auditors Standards Body. 69. The SEC and FASB are two organizations that are primarily responsible for establishing generally accepted accounting principles. It is true that a. they are both governmental agencies. b. the SEC is a private organization of accountants. c. the SEC often mandates guidelines when no accounting principles exist. d. the SEC and FASB rarely cooperate in developing accounting standards. 70. GAAP stands for a. Generally Accepted Auditing Procedures. b. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. c. Generally Accepted Auditing Principles. d. Generally Accepted Accounting Procedures. 71. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the cost principle? a. Reliability b. Subjectivity c. Objectivity d. Verifiability 72. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Accounting specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Business Accounting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Business Accounting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The ACE Company has five plants nationwide that cost $100 million. The current market value of the plants is $500 million. The plants will be recorded and reported as assets at a. $100 million. b. $600 million. c. $400 million. d. $500 million. 73. All of the following are advantages cost has over other valuations except that it a. is reliable. b. can be objectively measured. c. can be verified. d. is relevant. 74. The proprietorship form of business organization a. must have at least three owners in most states. b. represents the largest number of businesses in the United States. c. ombines the records of the business with the personal records of the owner. d. is characterized by a legal distinction between the business as an economic unit and the owner. 75. The economic entity assumption requires that the activities a. of different entities can be combined if all the entities are corporations. b. must be reported to the Securities and Exchange Commission. c. of a sole proprietorshi p cannot be distinguished from the personal economic events of its owners. d. of an entity be kept separate from the activities of its owner. 76. A business organized as a corporation a. is not a separate legal entity in most states. . requires that stockholders be personally liable for the debts of the business. c. is owned by its stockholders. d. terminates when one of its original stockholders dies. 77. The partnership form of business organization a. is a separate legal entity. b. is a common form of organization for service-type businesses. c. enjoys an unlimited life. d. has limited liability. 78. Which of the following is not an advantage of the corporate form of business organization? a. Limited liability of stockholders b. Transferability of ownership c. Unlimited personal liability for stockholders d. Unlimited life 79. A small neighborhood barber shop that is operated by its owner would likely be organized as a a. joint venture. b. partnership. c. corporation. d. proprietorship. 80. Joan and Sara met at law school and decide to start a small law practice after graduation. They agree to split revenues and expenses evenly. The most common form of business organization for a business such as this would be a a. joint venture. b. partnership. c. corporation. d. proprietorship. 81. Which of the following is true regarding the corporate form of business organization? a. Corporations are the most prevalent form of business organization. b. Corporate businesses are generally smaller in size than partnerships and proprietor-ships. c. The revenues of corporations are greater than the combined revenues of partnerships and proprietorships. d. Corporations are separate legal entities organized exclusively under federal law. 82. A basic assumption of accounting that requires activities of an entity be kept separate from the activities of its owner is referred to as the a. stand alone concept. b. monetary unit assumption. c. corporate form of ownership. d. economic entity assumption. 83. Deb Smith is the proprietor (owner) of Smittys, a retailer of athletic apparel. When recording the financial transactions of Smittys, Deb does not record an entry for a car she purchased for personal use. Deb took out a personal loan to pay for the car. What accounting concept guides Debs behavior in this situation? a. Pay back concept b. Economic entity assumption c. Cash basis concept d. Monetary unit assumption 84. A basic assumption of accounting assumes that the dollar is a. unrelated to business transactions. b. a poor measure of economic activities. c. the common unit of measure for all business transactions. d. useless in measuring an economic event. 85. The assumption that the unit of measure remains sufficiently constant over time is part of the a. economic entity assumption. b. cost principle. c. historical cost principle. d. monetary unit assumption. 86. A business that enjoys limited liability is a a. proprietorship. b. partnership. c. corporation. d. sole proprietorship. 87. A problem with the monetary unit assumption is that a. the dollar has not been stable over time. b. the dollar has been stable over time. c. the dollar is a common medium of exchange. d. it is impossible to account for international transactions. 88. The common characteristic possessed by all assets is a. ong life. b. great monetary value. c. tangible nature. d. future economic benefit. 89. Owners equity is best depicted by the following: a. Assets = Liabilities. b. Liabilities + Assets. c. Residual equity + Assets. d. Assets – Liabilities. 90. The basic accounting equation may be expressed as a. Assets = Equities. b. Assets – Liabilities = Ow ners Equity. c. Assets = Liabilities + Owners Equity. d. all of these. 91. Liabilities a. are future economic benefits. b. are existing debts and obligations. c. possess service potential. d. are things of value used by the business in its operation. 92. Liabilities of a company would not include . notes payable. b. accounts payable. c. wages payable. d. cash. 93. Liabilities of a company are owed to a. debtors. b. benefactors. c. creditors. d. underwriters. 94. Owners equity can be described as a. creditorship claim on total assets. b. ownership claim on total assets. c. benefactors claim on total assets. d. debtor claim on total assets. 95. Owners equity is often referred to as a. residual equity. b. leftovers. c. spoils. d. second equity. 96. When an owner withdraws cash or other assets from a business for personal use, these withdrawals are termed a. depletions. b. consumptions. c. drawings. d. credit line. 97. Capital is a. an owners permanent investment in the business. b. equ al to liabilities minus owners equity. c. equal to assets minus owners equity. d. equal to liabilities plus drawings. 98. Revenues would not result from a. sale of merchandise. b. initial investment of cash by owner. c. performance of services. d. rental of property. 99. Sources of increases to owners equity are a. additional investments by owners. b. purchases of merchandise. c. withdrawals by the owner. d. expenses. 100. The basic accounting equation cannot be restated as a. Assets – Liabilities = Owners Equity. b. Assets – Owners Equity = Liabilities. c. Owners Equity + Liabilities = Assets. d. Assets + Liabilities = Owners Equity. 101. Owners equity is decreased by all of the following except a. owners investments. b. owners withdrawals. c. expenses. d. owners drawings. 102. A net loss will result during a time period when a. liabilities exceed assets. b. drawings exceed investments. c. expenses exceed revenues. d. revenues exceed expenses. 103. If total liabilities increased by $15,000 and owner’s equity increased by $5,000 during a period of time, then total assets must change by what amount and direction during that same period? . $20,000 decrease b. $20,000 increase c. $25,000 increase d. $30,000 increase 104. If total liabilities decreased by $15,000 and owner’s equity increased by $5,000 during a period of time, then total assets must change by what amount and direction during that same period? a. $20,000 increase b. $10,000 decrease c. $10,000 increase d. $15,000 d ecrease 105. If total liabilities decreased by $25,000 and owner’s equity increased by $5,000 during a period of time, then total assets must change by what amount and direction during that same period? a. $20,000 decrease b. $20,000 increase c. $25,000 increase . $30,000 increase 106. If total liabilities decreased by $15,000 and owner’s equity decreased by $5,000 during a period of time, then total assets must change by what amount and direction during that same period? a. $20,000 increase b. $10,000 increase c. $20,000 decrease d. $10,000 decrease 107. If total liabilities increased by $14,000 during a period of time and owner’s equity decreased by $6,000 during the same period, then the amount and direction (increase or decrease) of the period’s change in total assets is a(n) a. $14,000 increase. b. $20,000 increase. c. $8,000 decrease. d. $8,000 increase. 08. The accounting equation for Goodboys Enterprises is as follows: AssetsLiabilitiesOwnerâ€⠄¢s Equity $120,000=$60,000+$60,000 If Goodboys purchases office equipment on account for $12,000, the accounting equation will change to AssetsLiabiltiesOwner’s Equity a. $120,000 = $60,000 +$60,000 b. $132,000 = $60,000 +$72,000 c. $132,000 = $66,000 +$66,000 d. $132,000 = $72,000 +$60,000 109. As of June 30, 2008, Houston Company has assets of $100,000 and owner’s equity of $5,000. What are the liabilities for Houston Company as of June 30, 2008? a. $85,000 b. $90,000 c. $95,000 d. $100,000 110. Owners equity is increased by a. drawings. b. revenues. c. expenses. d. liabilities. 111. Owners equity is decreased by a. assets. b. revenues. c. expenses. d. liabilities. 112. If total liabilities increased by $4,000, then a. assets must have decreased by $4,000. b. owners equity must have increased by $4,000. c. assets must have increased by $4,000, or owners equity must have decreased by $4,000. d. assets and owners equity each increased by $2,000. 113. Collection of a $500 Accounts Receivable a. increases an asset $500; decreases an asset $500. b. increases an asset $500; decreases a liability $500. c. ecreases a liability $500; increases owners equity $500. d. decreases an asset $500; decreases a liability $500. 114. Revenues are a. the cost of assets consumed during the period. b. gross increases in owners equity resulting from business activities. c. the cost of services used during the period. d. actual or expected cash outflows. 115. If an individual asset is increased, the n a. there must be an equal decrease in a specific liability. b. there must be an equal decrease in owners equity. c. there must be an equal decrease in another asset. d. none of these is possible. 116. If services are rendered for credit, then . assets will decrease. b. liabilities will increase. c. owners equity will increase. d. liabilities will decrease. 117. If expenses are paid in cash, then a. assets will increase. b. liabilities will decrease. c. owners equity will increase. d. assets will decrease. 118. If an owner makes a withdrawal of cash from a proprietorship, then a. there has been a violation of accounting principles. b. owners equity will increase. c. owners equity will decrease. d. there will be a new liability showing the owner owes money to the business. 119. If supplies that have been purchased are used in the course of business, then a. liability will increase. b. an asset will increase. c. owners equity will decrease. d. owners equity will increase. 120. As of December 31, 2008, Anders Company has assets of $35,000 and owners equity of $20,000. What are the liabilities for Anders Company as of December 31, 2008? a. $15,000 b. $10,000 c. $25,000 d. $20,000 121. Which of the following events is not a business transaction? a. Investment of cash by the owner b. Hired employees c. Incurred utility expenses for the month d. Earned revenue for services provided 122. Net income results when a. Assets ; Liabilities. b. Revenues = Expenses. c. Revenues ; Expenses. d. Revenues ; Expenses. 123. Owners capital at the end of the period is equal to a. owners capital at the beginning of the period plus net income minus liabilities. b. owners capital at the beginning of the period plus net income minus drawings. c. net income. d. assets plus liabilities. 124. A balance sheet shows a. revenues, liabilities, and owners equity. b. expenses, drawings, and owners equity. c. revenues, expenses, and drawings. d. assets, liabilities, and owners equity. 125. An income statement a. summarizes the changes in owners equity for a specific period of time. b. eports the changes in assets, liabilities, and owners equity over a period of time. c. reports the assets, liabilities, and owners equity at a specific date. d. presents the revenues and expenses for a specific period of time. 126. If the owners equity account increases from the beginning of the year to the end of the year, then a. net income is less than owner drawings. b. a net loss is l ess than owner drawings. c. additional owner investments are less than net losses. d. net income is greater than owner drawings. Use the following information for questions 127–129. Jimmys Car Repair Shop started the year with total assets of $270,000 nd total liabilities of $180,000. During the year, the business recorded $450,000 in car repair revenues, $255,000 in expenses, and Jimmy withdrew $45,000. 127. Jimmys Capital balance at the end of the year was a. $240,000. b. $225,000. c. $285,000. d. $195,000. 128. The net income reported by Jimmys Car Repair Shop for the year was a. $150,000. b. $195,000. c. $90,000. d. $405,000. 129. Jimmys Capital balance changed by what amount from the beginning of the year to the end of the year? a. $45,000 b. $195,000 c. $90,000 d. $150,000 130. The balance sheet is frequently referred to as a. an operating statement. . the statement of financial position. c. the statement of cash flows. d. the statement of owners equity. 131. The primar y purpose of the statement of cash flows is to report a. a companys investing transactions. b. a companys financing transactions. c. information about cash receipts and cash payments of a company. d. the net increase or decrease in cash. 132. All of the financial statements are for a period of time except the a. income statement. b. owners equity statement. c. balance sheet. d. statement of cash flows. 133. The ending owners equity amount is shown on a. the balance sheet only. b. he owners equity statement only. c. both the income statement and the owners equity statement. d. both the balance sheet and the owners equity statement. 134. Benson Company began the year with owner’s equity of $175,000. During the year, the company recorded revenues of $250,000, expenses of $190,000, and had owner drawings of $20,000. What was Benson’s owner’s equity at the end of the year? a. $255,000 b. $215,000 c. $405,000 d. $235,000 135. Ed Dexter began the Dexter Company by inve sting $20,000 of cash in the business. The company recorded revenues of $185,000, expenses of $160,000, and had owner drawings of $10,000. What was Dexter’s net income for the year? a. $15,000 b. $35,000 c. $25,000 d. $45,000 136. Jenner Company began the year with owner’s equity of $15,000. During the year, Jenner received additional owner investments of $21,000, recorded expenses of $60,000, and had owner drawings of $4,000. If Jenner’s ending owner’s equity was $46,000, what was the company’s revenue for the year? a. $70,000 b. $74,000 c. $91,000 d. $95,000 137. Janzen Company began the year with owner’s equity of $217,000. During the year, Janzen received additional owner investments of $294,000, recorded expenses of $840,000, and had owner drawings of $56,000. If Janzen’s ending owner’s equity was $531,000, what was the company’s revenue for the year? a. $860,000 b. $916,000 c. $1,154,000 d. $1,210,000 Use the following information for questions 138-139. Benny’s Repair Shop started the year with total assets of $100,000 and total liabilities of $80,000. During the year, the business recorded $210,000 in revenues, $110,000 in expenses, and owner drawings of $20,000. 138. Owner’s equity at the end of the year was a. $120,000. b. $100,000. c. $80,000. d. $90,000. 139. The net income reported by Benny’s Repair Shop for the year was a. $80,000. b. $100,000. c. $60,000. . $190,000. Use the following information for questions 140–141. Berwick Company compiled the following financial information as of December 31, 2008: Revenues$140,000 Berwick, Capital (1/1/08)105,000 Equipment40,000 Expenses125,000 Cash35,000 Berwick, Drawings10,000 Supplies5,000 Accounts payable20,000 Accounts receivable15,000 14 0. Berwick’s assets on December 31, 2008 are a. $235,000. b. $170,000. c. $80,000. d$95,000. 141. Berwick’s owner’s equity on December 31, 2008 is a. $105,000. b. $110,000. c. $80,000. d. $120,000. 142. Ironton Company’s owner’s equity at the beginning of August 2008 was $300,000. During the month, the company earned net income of $60,000 and owner’s drawings were $20,000. At the end of August 2008, what is the balance in owner’s equity? a. $260,000 b. $300,000 c. $340,000 d. $380,000 143. On January 1, 2008, Jackson Company reported owner’s equity of $470,000. During the year, the owner withdrew cash of $20,000. At December 31, 2008, the balance in owner’s equity was $500,000. What amount of net income or net loss would the company report for 2008? a. Net income of $30,000 b. Net loss of $50,000 c. Net income of $10,000 d. Net income of $50,000 Use the following information for questions 144–146. Jenkins Catering started the year with total assets of $20,000 and total liabilities of $5,000. During the year, the business recorded $16,000 in catering revenues and $8,000 in expenses. Jenkins made an additional investment of $3,000 and withdrew cash of $5,000 during the year. 144. The owner’s equity at the end of the year was a. $21,000. b. $18,000. c. $8,000. d. $2,000. 145. The net income reported by Jenkins Catering for the year was a. $16,000. b. $11,000. c. $8,000. d. $3,000. 146. Owner’s equity changed by what amount from the beginning of the year to the end of the year? a. $15,000 b. $14,000 c. $6,000 d. $3,000 147. During the year 2008, Toronto Enterprises earned revenues of $45,000, had expenses of $25,000, purchased assets with a cost of $5,000 and had owner drawings of $3,000. Net income for the year is a. $45,000. b. $20,000. c. $17,000. d. $15,000. 148. At October 1, Bennington Enterprises reported owner’s equity of $35,000. During October, no additional investments were made and the company earned net income of $4,000. If owner’s equity at October 31 totals $32,000, what amount of owner drawings were made during the month? a. $0 b. $1,000 c. $3,000 d. $7,000 149. At October 1, Bennington Enterprises reported owner’s equity of $35,000. During October, no additional investments were made and the company posted a net loss of $3,000. If owner’s equity at October 31 totals $32,000, what amount of owner drawings were made during the month? a. $0 b. $1,000 c. $3,000 d. $7,000 150. At October 1, Bennington Enterprises reported owner’s equity of $35,000. During October, the owner made additional investments of $2,000 and the company earned net income of $6,000. If owner’s equity at October 31 totals $40,000, what amount of owner drawings were made during the month? a. $0 b. $3,000 c. $4,000 d. $5,000 151. At October 1, Bennington Enterprises reported owner’s equity of $35,000. During October, the owner made additional investments of $5,000 and the company posted a net loss of $3,000. If owner’s equity at October 31 totals $35,000, what amount of owner drawings were made during the month? a. $0 b. $2,000 c. $3,000 d. $5,000 Additional Multiple Choice Questions 152. Which of the following is not part of the accounting process? a. Recording b. Identifying c. Financial decision making d. Communicating 153. The first part of the accounting process is a. communicating. b. identifying. c. processing. d. recording. 154. Keeping a systematic, chronological diary of events that are measured in dollars and cents is called a. ommunicating. b. identifying. c. processing. d. recording. 155. Auditing is a. the examination of financial statements by a CPA in order to express an opinion on their fairness. b. a part of accounting that involves only recording of economic events. c. an area of accounting that involves such activities as cost accounting, budgeting, and accounting information systems. d. conducted by the Securities and Exchange Commission to ensure that registered financial statements are presented fairly. 156. Internal users of accounting information include all of the following except a. company officers. b. investors. c. marketing managers. . production supervisors. 157. The organization(s) primarily responsible for establishing generally accepted accounting principles is(are) the FASBSEC a. nono b. yesno c. noyes d. yesyes 158. The primary accounting standard-setting body in the United States is the a. Financial Accounting Standards Board. b. International Accounting Standards Board. c. Internal Revenue Service. d. Securities and Exchange Commission. 159. A proprietorship is a business a. owned by one person. b. owned by two or more persons. c. organized as a separate legal entity under state corporation law. d. owned by a governmental agency. 160. A net loss will result during a time period when a. assets exceed liabilities. b. assets exceed owners equity. c. expenses exceed revenues. d. revenues exceed expenses. 161. The Ryder’s Uptown Grill received a bill of $400 from the Erml Advertising Agency. The owner, John Ryder, is postponing payment of the bill until a later date. The effect on specific items in the basic accounting equation is a. a decrease in Cash and an increase in Accounts Payable. b. a decrease in Cash and an increase in J. Ryder, Capital. c. an increase in Accounts Payable and a decrease in J. Ryder, Capital. d. a decrease in Accounts Payable and an increase in J. Ryder, Capital. 162. James Company purchases $600 of equipment from Mundelein Inc. for cash. The effect on the components of the basic accounting equation of James Company is a. an increase in assets and liabilities. b. a decrease in assets and liabilities. c. no change in total assets. d. an increase in assets and a decrease in liabilities. 163. Morreale Beaver Company buys a $12,000 van on credit. The transaction will affect the a. income statement only. b. balance sheet only. c. income statement and owners equity statement only. d. income statement, owners equity statement, and balance sheet.

3 Top Tips for Writing Exceptional Georgetown Essays

3 Top Tips for Writing Exceptional Georgetown Essays SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips With an acceptance rate of just 17 percent, Georgetown is ranked as an extremely competitive school. If you want to be a part of the student body, you need to impress, and one of the best opportunities you have to do that is in your Georgetown essays. Don’t let the Georgetown essay prompts intimidate you. Though they may look complicated at first- and they do ask complex questions- some foresight and planning will help you write essays that are sure to impress. This guide will walk you through the Georgetown essays, giving you a look into the expectations and thought process behind each of the essay prompts. Feature Image:Patrickneil/Wikimedia Commons What Should You Know About the Georgetown Essay Prompts? Georgetown doesn't use the Common or Coalition Application. Instead, you’ll be filling out an application tailored specifically to their desires, though it may cover most of the same information. Because of that, you’ll want to pay extra close attention to what you discuss in your essays. Your essays should be tied specifically to Georgetown rather than the more general approach of the Coalition or Common Application. The Georgetown essays include one short essay of about a half-page, single-spaced, one longer one-page essay required of all students, and a second one-page essay specifically tied to one of Georgetown’s four schools: Georgetown College, the School of Nursing and Health Studies, Walsh School of Foreign Service, and the McDonough School of Business. Students in the arts- specifically music, dance, theater, and studio art- may submit additional portfolios as part of their application, but it isn’t required. Writing your Georgetown essays might feel something like this, but there's a clear path through! What Are the Required Georgetown Essay Prompts? Because Georgetown’s application is only for Georgetown, you’ll immediately notice that they’re a lot more specific than the Common or Coalition prompts. You should keep that specificity in mind as you answer the questions, thinking not just about why you want to go to a good school, but why you want to attend Georgetown specifically. How to Answer the Georgetown Short Essay Prompt Briefly discuss the significance to you of the school or summer activity in which you have been most involved.(One half-page, single spaced.) This question is pretty straightforward. Though you’ve no doubt discussed your extracurriculars throughout your application, this question asks you to think deeper about one of them. Ask yourself why you do those activities, and what they personally mean to you. â€Å"Why,† not â€Å"what,† should be the question you’re answering. Flesh out your mentions of extracurriculars in your application with discussions of why you do them and what you’ve learned. The activity you discuss should be significant to you- not something you do purely for fun or something you do because your parents make you. As with the first question, don’t inflate things to look more impressive. If you spent most of your summer watching TV, that might be relevant if you’re an aspiring screenwriter, and you can mention it- but again, answer the question ofwhy. Why did you choose the shows you did? What did you learn from them? That said, watching TV isn’tthe bestchoice. You’d be better off discussing how you spent your summer working on an original short film or participating in a workshop for aspiring screenwriters- but no matter what your preferred activity, there is a way to discuss why it’s significant to you and what you learned from it. This prompt gives you space to discuss your interests, particularly the things that can’t be represented by numbers as grades and test scores can. It gives Georgetown a clearer picture of you, which helps in their decision. This is also a space to expand on participation. Maybe you never became captain of the swim team and you’ve been worried that the lack of leadership might count against you. In this essay, you can explain that though that was your goal, you didn’t quite make it- but that you learned a lot anyway. This essay really is about what’s significant to you, so there are no wrong answers- it’s your execution that matters. Avoid being too general, or focusing too much on picking the most impressive thing from your roster if that thing didn’t actually matter to you. Be genuine with what’s significant to you and your essay will be stronger for it. This essay is the perfect one to show off what makes you unique. How to Answer the Georgetown Essay Prompt for All Applicants As Georgetown is a diverse community, the Admissions Committee would like to know more about you in your own words. Please submit a brief essay, either personal or creative, which you feel best describes you. (One page, single-spaced.) Notice how the emphasis on this question is on you. This is called a â€Å"Why You?† style essay- though the application is for Georgetown, the admissions office wants to know why you’ll be a good fit for the college and what you in particular will bring to the student body. What this means is that Georgetown doesn’t want to hear about how they have the best program or the greatest campus. They want to know about you and what makes you unique. When answering this question, think about what makes you a good fit for Georgetown’s student body. Consider their mission statement, their origin as a Catholic and Jesuit college, and what that means today. That doesn’t mean that you need to identify yourself as Catholic if you aren’t (please don’t do that), but that you should consider the role that faith plays in Georgetown’s approach to education. How does their mission statement connectto your own life and educational goals? Demonstrating that you understand the school’s mission and how you can contribute to it as a student is one of the most important parts of this question. But â€Å"Why You?† is only part of the question. The specific mention of diversity is important, too. Its inclusion in the question means that it’s important to Georgetown, and they want you to demonstrate that it’s important to you, too. Don’t get too fixated on typical meanings of â€Å"diverse.† We often use the word to refer to the variety of genders, sexualities, races, socio-economic statuses, and so on that exist in the world, but diversity of thought is worthwhile, too. Of course, you should write about your gender, sexuality, race, and so on if it’s relevant to what you’ll bring to campus- and it often is- but don’t feel like it’s all you have to offer. Think about what your experience has taught you, and how those lessons will contribute to Georgetown’s diverse student body. That can mean discussing overcoming socio-economic hardship, or it can mean relating how you and your seven brothers used to squabble until you realized working together got chores done faster. Everybody has a unique story to tell, and this is Georgetown offering you space to tell yours. Georgetown invites you to get creative here, but if you want to take a more embellished approach than a traditional essay, be sure that that creativity comes through in your writing and language rather than in the events. Don’t inflate things to look more interesting or diverse than you are- this is your chance to flesh out the grades and test scores with your personality, so be sure it’s your personality that the admissions office sees. How to Answer the Georgetown College Essay Prompt Georgetown College is the largest undergraduate school at Georgetown University, and contains many of the school's arts and sciences programs. What does it mean to you to be educated? How might Georgetown College help you achieve this aim? (Applicants to the Sciences and Mathematics or the Faculty of Languages and Linguistics should address their chosen course of study.) (One page, single-spaced.) This question is asking about your personal relationship with education and learning. But more than that, it’s asking you why you want to attend Georgetown, making it a â€Å"Why Us?† essay. When answering this prompt, think about your goals and how Georgetown fits into them. They don’t need to hear about how they’re a good school and you’ve always wanted to attend a competitive college- they already know that, and most other students also want to attend a good school. Why Georgetown specifically, as opposed to all the other possible schools you could apply to? This is a good place to demonstrate familiarity with their mission and curriculum. Are there particular classes or faculty driving your decision to attend? Mention them! Think holistically here. How will attending Georgetown enrich your education and help you reach your career goals? Keep their mission statement in mind as you write- consider the ideas of diversity, service to humanity, and community and how those fit into your goals. Again, avoid generalities. Your essay should have enough concrete connection to Georgetown that you couldn’t easily swap another school’s name in and still have it make sense. Of course, there will always be some overlap with other schools, but be sure that the true spirit of Georgetown comes through in your essay. Give yourself some time to prepare for your Georgetown essay and you'll be feeling like this. How to Answer the Georgetown School of Nursing Health Studies Essay Prompt Georgetown’s School of Nursing and Health Studies is exactly what it sounds like. This is where you’ll be applying if you’re interested in any of the health care fields, which is reflected in the prompt. Describe the factors that have influenced your interest in studying health care. Please specifically address your intended major (Global Health, Health Care Management Policy, Human Science, or Nursing).(One page, single-spaced.) This question isn’t quite a clear-cut â€Å"Why Us?† or â€Å"Why You?† question, unlike the previous ones. Instead, it’s asking â€Å"Why Health Care?† Again, always keep in mind Georgetown’s mission as a college: diversity, discussion, and the wellbeing of humanity. All of these things can factor into your essay in a meaningful way. Think beyond health care being a reliable and well-paying field. Why do you want to care for people? Why the health field, specifically? Tying Georgetown’s mission into this question is a great way to demonstrate your interest in the field, but also in the specific ways that this school teaches. In this question, Georgetown wants you to demonstrate your interest in the field. If you’re invested in health care, you’re more likely to succeed in the program. The admissions office also wants to know what passion and interest you’ll bring to the school, making you a student they want to invest in. If you don’t already know why you’ve chosen to pursue health care over other fields, now’s the time to start thinking about it. Health care can often be thankless, difficult, and even frightening if you’re working in emergency situations. What drives you to do it anyway? Maybe you’ve struggled with illness yourself, and you want to commit to researching cures. Or maybe you’re fascinated by the ways that disease impacts society, and you want to learn more about prevention and how to enact it on an individual basis. No matter what your career goal is, it’s important that you can explain why you’ve chosen this field over all others. However, be sure you can tie your interest to Georgetown specifically. Your essay will be even stronger if it explains not just what appeals to you about health care, but why Georgetown is the right college to help you achieve your goals. How to Answer the Walsh School of Foreign Service Essay Prompt If you’re interested in international relations, Wash School of Foreign Service is likely where you’ll be applying. Briefly discuss a current global issue, indicating why you consider it important and what you suggest should be done to deal with it.(One page, single-spaced.) Though college essays are generally not the place to launch into potentially inflammatory political topics, this question is specifically asking you to discuss a global issue. However, your answer should be well-reasoned and informed, demonstrating a thorough understanding of not just the side you agree with, but also the arguments of the opposition. This question wants you to demonstrate your awareness of the world. As a student of foreign service, you should be acquainted with what’s happening around the world and concerned with how to address important issues. You should use this opportunity to demonstrate not only what you know, but how you think about it, keeping in mind Georgetown’s mission of diversity and care for humanity. If you can show that you are interested in and engaged with the world, you demonstrate to Georgetown that you have a genuine interest in foreign service. But the service part is also important- don’t forget the part of the question that asks for your suggestions as to what can be done about the issue. Though Georgetown will no doubt be impressed if you manage to truly solve world hunger in your application, don’t worry too much about coming up with a wild, unheard-of solution. You need to support your ideas more than anything, showing Georgetown how you can address issues on a global scale with thoughtfulness and an understanding of context. Avoid focusing on an issue solely because it's a popular one if you don’t have the understanding to back it up. Georgetown wants your informed thinking on a specific topic, not an uninformed opinion on a global problem. Poverty is a global issue with plenty of potential solutions, but it's also a complex issue with many contributing factors, all of which vary throughout the world. What'sone angle that you understand well enough to speak confidently about it? A global issue is naturally going to be a big topic, but by focusing on an area you understand- such as food scarcity, a history of colonization, or climate change- your essay will be sharp and clear. The McDonough School of Business' prompt is all about why you've chosen Georgetown. How to Answer the McDonough School of Business Essay Prompt The McDonough School of Business is exactly what it sounds like. If you’re attending Georgetown with an interest in business, you’ll need to answer the following prompt: â€Å"The McDonough School of Business is a national and global leader in providing graduates with essential ethical, analytical, financial and global perspectives. Please discuss your motivations for studying business at Georgetown.†(One page, single-spaced.) The McDonough School of Business prompt is a classic â€Å"Why Us?† question, asking you to identify not just that Georgetown is a good school, but why it’s the right school for you and your interests. To answer this question, consider the university’s ethos and curriculum. Look at their course offerings and consider those as well as whatever reasons you have for applying. Think specifically, not generally- beyond it being a well-respected university, what does Georgetown have to offer you that other well-respected universities do not? Georgetown wants to hear that you’re committed to their program specifically, so answer in specifics. Identify features of their program in particular, and be sure to answer the question of why those features draw you to Georgetown. If you have a personal anecdote about Georgetown, such as a moment on a tour, a personal connection to the campus, or admiration for a particular alumni, this essay is a good place to discuss it. If not, it’s always a good idea to use concrete specifics, such as classes and extracurriculars that appeal to you. Fold those into a discussion of Georgetown’s mission and your own career goals to paint a complete picture of why this is the right school for you. This could be you and your new classmates at Georgetown. What Does a Successful Georgetown Essay Look Like? Planning an essay can be difficult as you try to weigh what the school might want against everything you could possibly cover. Thankfully, there's at least one successful Georgetown essay out there you can read in its entirety: "Listen, girl. He's over 60 and speaks no English. There is no way we would hire him." His tone was rude, but I sadly understood why my dad wasn't hired. I faced my hopeful dad and watched his smile drop as I told him that Dave just remembered that they hired someone yesterday and that they really couldn't afford to hire anyone else. My dad was disappointed, but nonetheless he graciously shook Dave's hand and thanked him for his time.Job searching is difficult for everyone, but in a world full of Daves, it's almost impossible. Daves are people who look at my family and immediately think less of us. They think illegal, poor and uneducated. Daves never allow my dad to pass the first round of job applications. Daves watch like hawks as my brother and I enter stores. Daves inconsiderately correct my mother's grammar. Because there are Daves in the world, I have become a protector for my family. I excuse their behavior as just being a "typical American." I convince my mother that they are only staring at her lovely new purse. I convince my dad they are only shouting about store sales to us. Aside from being a protector, I am also an advocate. As an advocate, I make sure my family is never taken advantage of. I am always looking out for scams and discrepancies. I am the one asking the questions when we buy or sell a car. I make sure all details are discussed and no specifics are left unanswered. It’s not hard to see why the writer was accepted to Georgetown. This essay clearly demonstrates her experience and understanding of the world. The last paragraph is a great example of how to turn that experience into something actionable- she wants to go into public service, politics, or diplomacy because of how she’s helped her parents and the bigotry she’s witnessed as she’s done so. We know from reading exactly what the writer will bring to Georgetown: an understanding of the world and the way it’s treated her and her family. She demonstrates her understanding of diversity clearly, which answers the first prompt- it shows what makes her unique as well as what she’ll contribute. The essay shows her personal story and how that’s influenced her lifelong plans. Because the admissions office understands where she comes from and the essay finishes with where she hopes to go- as well as covering some of the obstacles she’s overcome- they have a complete picture of her as a student. One area the essay could be improved is strengthening the connection to Georgetown specifically. This essay is quite strong- she did get into Georgetown with it- but spending a little more time reflecting on how her life experience connects to Georgetown’s mission would give it a little extra oomph. As it is, this could be an application essay for pretty much any school. Drawing a clear connection from your experiences to the college you’re applying to demonstrates a stronger degree of interest, making your essay stand out. Prepare ahead of time and your Georgetown essays will be far easier. Key Points of Advice for Georgetown Essays No matter which prompts you're answering, it's a good idea to follow general advice for your Georgetown essays, too. Though the application for Georgetown is unique to the school, it still follows most of the common rules of college applications, so be sure to read up on some common tips for college applications. #1: Read Prompts Carefully Don’t just answer the surface-level question. You have quite a bit of space to answer each of these, so read each one carefully, understand the deeper questions it might be asking, such as â€Å"Why You?† and be sure to answer those as well. Brainstorming will be a huge help here, as you can get all of your ideas out and select the ones that support your point the best. #2: Connect Your Story to Your School When you're writing "Why Us?" essays, think about your story- the things that have made you who you are, your ambition, your goals- and add in how Georgetown is the next step on your journey.Think beyond that it has a good reputation or that lots of impressive people have graduated from there. Draw a clear line between you and Georgetown by tying your experience in with its curriculum and mission statement. This will demonstrate that you’re not just reusing the same essay for a bunch of schools, and that Georgetown is your real goal. #3: Edit and Revise Editing and revision are your best friends when it comes to a polished Georgetown essay. Don’t just fire off a draft and call it good. Spend some time planning, writing, editing, and revising, being sure to start early so you can let your drafts rest between readings. Spending more time will take some of the stress out of writing and let you put in more effort to get it into shape. The longer you have, the more thought you can put into it, so start early! What’s Next? Give yourself plenty of time to get your Georgetown essay done by staying on top of all the deadlines for your application. What else do you need to get into your dream school aside from stellar essays? This guide has all the requirements to get into Georgetown. Even if you're not going to Georgetown, you should understand the college application process from start to finish. This helpful guide will walk you through applying to college starting from your freshman year of high school! Want to write the perfect college application essay? Get professional help from PrepScholar. Your dedicated PrepScholar Admissions counselor will craft your perfect college essay, from the ground up. We'll learn your background and interests, brainstorm essay topics, and walk you through the essay drafting process, step-by-step. At the end, you'll have a unique essay that you'll proudly submit to your top choice colleges. Don't leave your college application to chance. Find out more about PrepScholar Admissions now:

The Watergate Scandal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Watergate Scandal - Research Paper Example The group of intruders along with the other accused administrative members was put on trial while President Nixon was forced to resign from his office in 1974. This entire series of events is called the â€Å"Watergate Scandal†. The Watergate Scandal â€Å"The Watergate Scandal† was a political scandal which occurred in America in the 1970s decade. It consisted of a series of unlawful events which was later attributed to certain important officials serving under the administration of the then US President Richard Nixon. They had wanted to secure some confidential information which would help them to secure the victory of Nixon in the US Presidential Elections of 1972. After the incident, members of the Nixon government tried to cover up the event and shield the men involved in the crime. Eventually, the US Police arrested the seven officials who had committed the burglary and implicated them on the basis of available evidence. Even, President Nixon was found guilty of a ttempting to shield the incident from being leaked out to the general people. Ultimately, Nixon had to resign from US Presidentship in the year 1974. The Watergate Scandal represented a series of unprecedented political events, which witnessed a US President resigning from his office for the first time in history. On June 16, 1972, seven American citizens planned a burglary in the office headquarters of the Democratic National Committee (DNC) of the USA. The office was situated in the Watergate complex of Washington D.C, in one of the six buildings located over there. On the night of the robbery, the seven men gathered in the Watergate Hotel, situated in the same complex, which gave them easy access to the nearby DNC office. The actual attempt to secure the confidential information was carried out by five men, while two of them stayed back at the hotel to warn the others of any imminent danger. The burglars had also stationed an eighth man in a building, just in front of the DNC off ice, who would also be able to detect any dangerous signals. He was supposed to inform the two men in the hotel who in turn would convey this to the group of five intruders. As the five men made their up to the DNC office on the sixth floor of the concerned building, they placed recording tapes across the doors opening to the stairway on every floor. This would prevent the door from locking, thus leaving a route for the burglars to escape in case of any trouble. However, one of the security guards of the building found out this anomaly and informed the police. The Police arrived immediately and arrested the five men from the DNC office. The policemen were in plain clothes, and so the burglars’ watchmen were not alerted in time to inform the intruders of the lurking danger. The actual identities of the seven men were revealed after their arrest and none of them were common thieves. The group was led by G. Gordin Liddy and E. Howard Hunt, both of whom were former agents of repu ted intelligence agencies of the US. Liddy was a retired agent of the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation, while Hunt had the experience of working with the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency). They were assisted by five other men in this burglary: James McCord bore the telephone bugs, Bernard Barker carried cameras to secure photographs of the confidential documents, Virgilio Gonzales was responsible for breaking the locks of

Analysis of Direct Cost Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis of Direct Cost - Assignment Example This provision is both advantageous and disadvantageous in that the VectorCal Company will readily acquire iron and steel hence evading searching and high transportation costs. On the other hand, it will be harmful to the company if the steel and iron producing companies in the US decide to charge high prices of their products due to the absence of open markets to trigger competition, which will eventually lead to lower competitive prices in the industry. The other raw materials needed include magnets, cameras, sensors, and compasses that will provide information on nearby vessels or vehicles or other obstacles or hazards. Labor costs incurred will include payments to the engineers and experts involved in the construction of the drone navigation systems. Technological costs will include acquisition costs of inertial sensors, on-board electronics (the motherboard and the navigation board), embedded software (enables Wi-Fi communications, image processing, video data sampling etc.), velocity estimators etc. The technological component ensures efficiency and reliability of the drone navigation systems. Licensing fees of VectorCal Company will form part of the indirect costs. Other indirect costs likely to be incurred by the company include management costs, insurance payments, taxes to the US government, maintenance expenses etc. (Lupashin et al., 2010). DroneIn, company will operate in the same industry as that of VectorCal Company and hence will experience similar costs to those of VectorCal. The construction of the drone navigation systems is standard and this implies that the requirements are similar regardless of the company that constructs the drone systems. However, the only notable difference that will occur will be in terms of how each company will control its costs of production or manufacturing. For both companies, raw materials like iron and steel will be necessary because these are the core metals that are used in the construction

Investigating the Relationship between Academic Persistence and Age, Dissertation - 1

Investigating the Relationship between Academic Persistence and Age, Gender, Ethnicity and Transfer Credits - Dissertation Example Adult Learner Academic Persistence According to previous reports, the retaining of adult learners in programs and institutions on adult education has become a great challenge. The rates of attrition and pressures of accountability within these institutions are also very high according to Jeffreys (2012). The previously carried out pieces of research show that most adults who withdraw from these learning programs do so after accomplishing their goals. They reportedly leave to join other programs that suit them more. According to Sanders, most of the adults dropping out of school return after their situations have been altered creating cycles between their dropping out and return which happens severally (2008). Previous literatures additionally indicate that the process of utilizing the class and lecture a major measurement of persistence undervalues other activities that would be effective in learning and which should be encouraged. This includes activities like distance learning and personal studies. In the year 2009, Comings, Parrella & Soricone, defined persistence as that period that adults remain in adult learning programs as they engage in personal studies as a result of being forced by circumstances leading to their withdraw from attending lectures or classes. The author additionally suggests that the adult students may return to their lectures when their situations in life allow them to. According to previously carried out surveys among adult students who were studying in America, those who had previously been involved in vocational training, self study and other forms of learning, had a greater likelihood of persisting academically than their counterparts who had not been involved in similar activities (Jones, 2008). These surveys additionally show that the adult students who had specific wants had greater probabilities of persisting than those adults who were in the learning institutions but had no specific wants. According to Sanders, if the academic persistence of adult students has to be improved, the learning institutions should avail additional learning alternatives like distance learning to the adult learners who are no able to attend their scheduled lectures (2008). Learner centered perspectives can greatly help in supporting the academic persistence and understanding among the adult learners by managing the forces that hinder or advance their learning activities (Millar, & So, 2008). According to previous literature, several factors are responsible for affecting the academic persistence among adult learners and range from the different institutions, situations, dispositions, and demographic factors and emotional and relational forces (Quigley, 2008). Problems that arise from the adult learner’s employment, finances, families and abuse from their classmates, transport and health can be classified as being situational. On the other hand, institutional barriers prevent adult learners from persisting academically and c ould include issues like the level or content of the course, their location or failure to meet the set admission guidelines (Ziegler & Durant, 2009). The attitudes, self-efficacies and resilience among the adult learners towards their learning may prevent them from excelling in their chosen academic

Effectiveness of Social Model of Health

Effectiveness of Social Model of Health Anna Wei Models of Health Health is one of the most vital and valuable aspects of human life, as without one’s health we are unable to enjoy our day-to-day activities and have the energy to pursue physical activities. There are two well-known models of Health and Illness that focus on different aspects of health; they are the Biomedical model and the Social model. This essay will discuss the relevance of the Social model in today’s society as opposed to the Biomedical model and the effectiveness of this model in clarifying the obesity epidemic, a medical condition that is dominating the globe and bringing with it many other illnesses that today, are some of the leading causes of death. The Biomedical model believes that biological factors are the main cause of disease (Browne, 2005). It has been the main model for health care in the past century, due to its assistance in the discovery of countless medical advancements as it was able to decrease the amount of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis (Borrell-Carrio, Suchman Epstein, 2004). This framework is based on the concept of health as being without disease and focuses on finding cures that will successfully eliminate the biological factors that caused the illness (Cleland Cotton, 2011). Although the Biomedical model has been valuable in the discovery of many techniques to successfully treat numerous diseases, it is no longer the dominating model of health in today’s society. This model has been scrutinised for being too narrow-minded resulting in its inability to analyse different forms of sickness (Borrell-Carrio et al., 2004; Cockerham, 2007). Over the years, there have been massive health reforms, from infectious diseases such as puerperal fever, gonorrhoea, malaria and scurvy to the dominating chronic illnesses that affect society today such as obesity, cardiovascular disease and diabetes (Tulchinsky Varavikova, 2000). The transition from infectious to chronic illnesses indicates that as time changes, strategies that have previously worked may not be as effective as they had once been. Hence, the social models were introduced. A psychiatrist named George Engel first proposed the Social model, as he wanted to put a stop to the dehumanisation of the practice of medicine, and to give patients the power over their own health (Borrell-Carrio et al., 2004). Engel believed, that the social and physiological aspects of an individual played an important role in relation to the illness procedure and hence, this model acts as an aid, to guide us through the numerous levels of organisation that affect diseases, ranging from the social aspects to factors at the molecular level (Alonso, 2004; Borrell-Carrio et al., 2004). Since Engel first proposed this model, there have been many variations of this model created such as the Dahlgren and Whitehead’s model of health and the WHO social determinants of health framework. Social models place a strong emphasis on not only the biological aspects of disease but also the social and the psychological aspects of sickness, whereas, the Biomedical model is built around the evidence and the symptoms of the disease of interest (Brown, 2005; Cleland Cotton, 2011). Hence, Social models of health have become more relevant over the last 150 years because of the changing society. As time passed, infectious diseases were no longer the major problem, with the problem now lying within the degenerative diseases such as cancer and heart disease present in today’s society (Cleland Cotton, 2011). Therefore, the Biomedical model is no longer relevant as the development of these non-communicable diseases is multi-factorial and hence is not due to straightforward biological causes, nor can they be cured easily (Cleland Cotton, 2011). For people in society today, the experience of suffering from a disease is not just about the biochemical processes behind it, but als o about how the patients identify with this disease in terms of the things they are able to or unable to do, their emotions and the unmet requirements as a result of this disease (Jackson, Antonucci Brown, 2003). Hence, Social models are more widely accepted and relevant in society, as it recognises the multi-factorial causes associated with diseases such as obesity. Obesity is defined as the extreme build-up of fat due to energy input being greater than energy expenditure, in technical terms, a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or over means that the individual will be considered obese (World Health Organization [WHO], 2014). The rates of obesity have been rapidly increasing since the 1980s and not only the prevalence of obesity has been increasing but the incidence of diseases associated with obesity has also been increasing (Finkelstein, Ruhm Kosa, 2005). Health consequences associated with obesity are non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes and other musculoskeletal diseases (WHO, 2014). The obesity epidemic is a major issue in society today and in 2008, of the 1.4 billion adults considered overweight, over 200 million males and nearly 300 million females were considered obese (WHO, 2014). In the early twentieth century, obesity was only thought to be present in developing countries such as China, Thailand and Mexico and only affected those with higher socioeconomic positions in the population; however, this disease has shifted to affect those of lower socioeconomic position and globally, there is now more than 10% of the world’s population of adults considered obese (Callabero, 2007; WHO, 2014). The improvement in people’s living and working conditions has resulted in society having longer life spans due to the eradication of infectious diseases (Cockerham, 2007). However, the major issue facing society today is non-communicable diseases such as strokes, heart disease and cancer which all stem off obesity (Cockerham, 2007). Non-communicable diseases were originally thought to affect only the rich, but there is now an increasing trend in developing countries. If this trend continues to increase at the same pace, it is estimated by the year 2020, for every ten deaths, seven will be due to non-communicable diseases (Boutayeb, 2006). This transition from infectious diseases to chronic illnesses meant that the use of medicine became increasingly important in order to tackle these health issues and therefore, there has been little success in tackling these non-communicable diseases as the approaches they took in the past via the Biomedical model proves to be unfitting for t he current situation (Cockerham, 2007). Social models have been effective in preventing this problem, as it takes into account not only the biological causes of these health conditions associated with obesity, but also social factors such as dietary intake and physical activity. An individual’s lifestyle is vital towards their health as it is a relevant social mechanism that needs to be considered when approaching these diseases (Cockerham, 2007). Over the years, the dietary intake of individuals has increased, with people consuming more sweetened beverages and processed meals and consuming less healthy wholesome foods such as fruits and vegetables (Callabero, 2007). Research reveals an inversely proportional relationship exists between the availability of fast food outlets and the socioeconomic status of the individual, with individuals in lower socioeconomic areas being 2.5 times more exposed to fast food chains compared to those in higher socioeconomic areas, and this social gradient indicates that a decreasing s ocioeconomic status results in an increased chance of obesity (Reidpath, Burns, Garrard, Mahoney Townsend, 2002). This brings about inequality between those of low socioeconomic status and those with high socioeconomic status, further reiterating that there must be other factors apart from biological components, which bring about diseases. Physical activity has also decreased with people opting for more sedentary lifestyles, for example, it was predicted that less than 30 percent of the US population had a suitable level of exercise, another 30 percent were involved in physical activity but not enough, while the remainder had adapted to sedentary lifestyles (Callabero, 2007). It is habits such as these that has attributed to the individual’s susceptibility or resistance to these illnesses (Cockerham, 2007). Only Social models of health can take into consideration of these habits as well as the social gradients shown to help us to understand their influences towards these ill nesses that stem off obesity. Many complex factors are interacting with one another, causing the increase in prevalence of health conditions associated with obesity (Candib, 2007). Therefore, Social models are effective in explaining this phenomenon as it recognises the importance of social factors and how they contribute to health conditions such as cardiovascular disease. Social factors such as the individual’s surrounding environment can either reverse or increase the biological risk of diseases making the Biomedical model inadequate as it does not consider anything but the biological cause (Cockerham, 2007). An environment that has contributed hugely to this increasing prevalence is an obesogenic environment; this is essentially a setting that encourages sedentary lifestyles; promoting food consumption and discouraging exercise, which eventually leads to an increased risk of obesity (Reidpath et al., 2002). Social models are therefore efficient as it considers how we can eliminate such influences in or der to reduce the multi-factorial effects associated with the obesity epidemic by combining the formerly separated characteristics of illness (Cleland Cotton, 2011; Jackson et al., 2003). It helps us to efficiently comprehend the significant contributions of multiple factors outside the biological sense that drives the increasing prevalence of health conditions associated with obesity. To conclude, health is one of the most important aspects of human life and can be affected by factors that are not always biological components. As a result, the multidimensional Social models were created to allow a better understanding of the diseases, such as obesity, that affect our society (Borrell-Cario et al., 2004). However, because society is constantly changing – there is no perfect model for health that exists and therefore we must seek new ideas that we can incorporate in our models with the hopes that it will be applicable to the changing society. Reference List Alonso, Y. (2004). The biopsychosocial model in medical research: the evolution of the health concept over the last two decades.Patient education and counseling,53(2), 239-244. doi: 10.1016/S0738-3991(03)00146-0 Browne, K. (2005). Health and Illness. An introduction to sociology, 3, 397-415. Retrieved from http://www.library.auckland.ac.nz.ezproxy.auckland.ac.nz/ereserves/2144315b.pdf Borrell-Carrio, F., Suchman, A. L., Epstein, R. M. (2004). The Biopsychosocial Model 25 Years Later: Principles, Practice, and Scientific Inquiry. Annals of Family Medicine, 2(6), 576-582. Retrieved from http://www.annfammed.org.ezproxy.auckland.ac.nz/content/2/6/576.full.pdf Boutayeb, A. (2006). The double burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases in developing countries.Transactions of the Royal society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene,100(3), 191-199. Retrieved from http://trstmh.oxfordjournals.org.ezproxy.auckland.ac.nz/content/100/3/191.full Callabero, B. (2007). The Global Epidemic of Obesity: An Overview. Epidemiological Review, 29, 1-5. doi: 10.1093/epirev/mxm012 Cleland, J., Cotton, P. (Eds.). (2011).Health, Behaviour and Society: Clinical Medicine in Context. SAGE. Retrieved from http://books.google.co.nz/books?hl=enlr=id=BuZpuJSlNRMCoi=fndpg=PP2dq=Jennifer+Cleland,+Philip+Cotton.+(2011).+Health,+Behaviour+and+Society:+Clinical+Medicine+in+Context.+ots=CSbguqMTZlsig=TvNhB4GJdQnp8m-enuFPer6J2Qg#v=onepageq=modelf=false Cockerham, W.C. (2007). The social causation of health and disease. Social causes of health and disease, 1-24. Retrieved from http://www.library.auckland.ac.nz.ezproxy.auckland.ac.nz/ereserves/2130941b.pdf Finkelstein, E. A., Ruhm, C. J., Kosa, K. M. (2005). Economic causes and consequences of obesity.Annu. Rev. Public Health,26, 239-257. doi: 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.26.021304.144628 Jackson, J. J., Antonucci, T. C., Brown, E. (2003). A cultural lens on biopsychosocial models of aging.Advances in cell aging and gerontology,15, 221-241. Retrieved from http://books.google.co.nz/books?hl=enlr=id=kBXLPaaXPKcCoi=fndpg=PA221dq=%22biopsychosocial+models+of+health%22ots=ToNciaJ7sosig=fZmma3Fai9VhqZm5xhCPS1oEy_w#v=onepageq=%22biopsychosocial%20models%20of%20health%22f=false James, P. T., Leach, R., Kalamara, E., Shayeghi, M. (2001). The worldwide obesity epidemic.Obesity research,9(S11), 228S-233S. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.ezproxy.auckland.ac.nz/doi/10.1038/oby.2001.123/full Reidpath, D., Burns C., Garrard J., Mahoney, M., Townsend, M. (2002). An ecological study of the relationship between social and environmental determinants of obesity. Health and Place, 8, 141-145. doi: 10.1016/S1353-8292(01)00028-4 Tulchinsky, T. H., Varavikova, E. A. (2000). The New Public Health: an introduction for the 21st Century. San Diego: Academic Press. World Health Organization. (2014). Obesity and Overweight. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/ 1